cartreader/Cart_Reader/SMS.ino

//***********************************************************
// SEGA MASTER SYSTEM / MARK III / GAME GEAR / SG-1000 MODULE
//***********************************************************
#ifdef enable_SMS

//******************************************
//   Menus
//******************************************
// Adapters menu
static const char SMSAdapterItem1[] PROGMEM = "SMS/MarkIII raphnet";
static const char SMSAdapterItem2[] PROGMEM = "SMS Retrode";
static const char SMSAdapterItem3[] PROGMEM = "SMS Retron3in1";
static const char SMSAdapterItem4[] PROGMEM = "GameGear Retrode";
static const char SMSAdapterItem5[] PROGMEM = "GameGear Retron3in1";
static const char SMSAdapterItem6[] PROGMEM = "SG-1000 raphnet";
static const char* const SMSAdapterMenu[] PROGMEM = { SMSAdapterItem1, SMSAdapterItem2, SMSAdapterItem3, SMSAdapterItem4, SMSAdapterItem5, SMSAdapterItem6 };

// Operations menu
static const char SMSOperationItem1[] PROGMEM = "Read Rom";
static const char SMSOperationItem2[] PROGMEM = "Read from SRAM";
static const char SMSOperationItem3[] PROGMEM = "Write to SRAM";
static const char* const SMSOperationMenu[] PROGMEM = { SMSOperationItem1, SMSOperationItem2, SMSOperationItem3, string_reset2 };

// Rom sizes menu
static const char SMSRomSizeItem1[] PROGMEM = "8 KB";
static const char SMSRomSizeItem2[] PROGMEM = "16 KB";
static const char SMSRomSizeItem3[] PROGMEM = "24 KB";
static const char SMSRomSizeItem4[] PROGMEM = "32 KB";
static const char SMSRomSizeItem5[] PROGMEM = "40 KB"; //SG-1000 40k mapping not yet supported
static const char SMSRomSizeItem6[] PROGMEM = "48 KB"; //SG-1000 40k mapping not yet supported
static const char SMSRomSizeItem7[] PROGMEM = "64 KB";
static const char SMSRomSizeItem8[] PROGMEM = "128 KB";
static const char SMSRomSizeItem9[] PROGMEM = "256 KB";
static const char SMSRomSizeItem10[] PROGMEM = "512 KB";
static const char SMSRomSizeItem11[] PROGMEM = "1024 KB";
static const char* const SG1RomSizeMenu[] PROGMEM = { SMSRomSizeItem1, SMSRomSizeItem2, SMSRomSizeItem3, SMSRomSizeItem4};                                     // Rom sizes for SG-1000
static const char* const SMSRomSizeMenu[] PROGMEM = { SMSRomSizeItem4, SMSRomSizeItem7, SMSRomSizeItem8, SMSRomSizeItem9, SMSRomSizeItem10, SMSRomSizeItem11}; // Rom sizes for SMS and GG

// Init systems
static bool system_sms = false;      // SMS or MarkIII
static bool system_gg = false;       // GameGear
static bool system_sg1000 = false;   // SG-1000

// Init adapters
static bool adapter_raphnet = false; // raphet adapater (SMS-to-MD or MIII-to-MD)
static bool adapter_retrode = false; // Retrode adapter (SMS-to-MD or GG-to-MD)
static bool adapter_retron = false;  // Retron 3in1 adapter (SMS-to-MD or GG-to-MD)

//*********************************************************
//  Main menu with systems/adapters setups to choose from
//*********************************************************
void smsMenu() {
  setVoltage(VOLTS_SET_5V);
  unsigned char SMSSetup;
  convertPgm(SMSAdapterMenu, 6);
  SMSSetup = question_box(F("Select your setup"), menuOptions, 6, 0);

  switch (SMSSetup) {
    case 0:
      // SMS or MarkIII with raphnet adapter
      system_sms = true;
      adapter_raphnet = true;
      break;

   case 1:
      // SMS with Retrode adapter
      system_sms = true;
      adapter_retrode = true;
      break;

    case 2:
      // SMS with Retron 3in1 adapter
      system_sms = true;
      adapter_retron = true;
      break;

    case 3:
      // GameGear with Retrode adapter
      system_gg = true;
      adapter_retrode = true;
      break;

    case 4:
      // GameGear with Retron 3in1 adapter
      system_gg = true;
      adapter_retron = true;
      break;

    case 5:
      // SG-1000 with raphnet adapter
      system_sg1000 = true;
      adapter_raphnet = true;
      break;
  }
  for (;;) smsOperations();
}

//****************************************************
//  Create custom menu depending on selected setup
//****************************************************
void smsOperations() {
  unsigned char SMSOperation = '3';
  convertPgm(SMSOperationMenu, 4);

  if (system_sms) {
    if (adapter_raphnet) {
      SMSOperation = question_box(F("SMS/MarkIII raphnet"), menuOptions, 4, 0);
    } else if (adapter_retrode) {
      SMSOperation = question_box(F("SMS Retrode"), menuOptions, 4, 0);
    } else if (adapter_retron) {
      SMSOperation = question_box(F("SMS Retron 3in1"), menuOptions, 4, 0);
    }
  } else if (system_gg) {
    if (adapter_retrode) {
      SMSOperation = question_box(F("GameGear Retrode"), menuOptions, 4, 0);
    } else if (adapter_retron) {
      SMSOperation = question_box(F("GameGear Retron 3in1"), menuOptions, 4, 0);
    }
  } else if (system_sg1000) {
    SMSOperation = question_box(F("SG-1000 raphnet"), menuOptions, 1, 0);
  }

  switch (SMSOperation) {
    case 0:
      // Read ROM
      mode = mode_SMS;
      setup_SMS();
      readROM_SMS();
      break;

    case 1:
      // Read SRAM
      mode = mode_SMS;
      setup_SMS();
      readSRAM_SMS();
      break;

    case 2:
      // Write SRAM
      mode = mode_SMS;
      setup_SMS();
      writeSRAM_SMS();
      break;

    case 3:
      // Reset
      resetArduino();
      break;
  }

  display_Update();
  wait();
}

//********************************
//   Setup I/O
//********************************
void setup_SMS() {
  // Set Address Pins to Output
  //A0-A7
  DDRF = 0xFF;
  //A8-A14
  DDRK = 0xFF;
  //A15
  DDRH |= (1 << 3);

  //For Retrode adapter
  if (adapter_retrode) {
    PORTH &= ~((1 << 0) | (1 << 3) | (1 << 5));
    PORTL &= ~(1 << 1);
    DDRH &= ~((1 << 0) | (1 << 5));
    DDRL &= ~((1 << 1));
    // Set Control Pins to Output OE(PH6)
    DDRH |= (1 << 6);
    // WR(PL5) and RD(PL6)
    DDRL |= (1 << 5) | (1 << 6);
    // Setting OE(PH6) HIGH
    PORTH |= (1 << 6);
    // Setting WR(PL5) and RD(PL6) HIGH
    PORTL |= (1 << 5) | (1 << 6);
  } 

  // For Raphnet and Retron adapters
  else {
    // Set Control Pins to Output RST(PH0) WR(PH5) OE(PH6)
    DDRH |= (1 << 0) | (1 << 5) | (1 << 6);
    // CE(PL1)
    DDRL |= (1 << 1);
    // Setting RST(PH0) WR(PH5) OE(PH6) HIGH
    PORTH |= (1 << 0) | (1 << 5) | (1 << 6);
    // CE(PL1)
    PORTL |= (1 << 1);
  }

  if (!system_sg1000) {
    // SMS/GG ROM has 16KB banks which can be mapped to one of three slots via register writes
    // Register Slot Address space
    // $fffd    0    $0000-$3fff
    // $fffe    1    $4000-$7fff
    // $ffff    2    $8000-$bfff

    // Disable sram
    writeByte_SMS(0xFFFC, 0);

    // Map first 3 banks so we can read-out the header info
    writeByte_SMS(0xFFFD, 0);
    writeByte_SMS(0xFFFE, 1);
    writeByte_SMS(0xFFFF, 2);
  }

  delay(400);

  // Read and print cart info
  getCartInfo_SMS();
}

//*****************************************
//  Low level functions 
//*****************************************
void writeByte_SMS(word myAddress, byte myData) {
  if (adapter_retrode && system_gg) {
    // Set Data Pins (D8-D15) to Output
    DDRA = 0xFF;
  } else {
    // Set Data Pins (D0-D7) to Output
    DDRC = 0xFF;
  }

  // Set address
  PORTF = myAddress & 0xFF;
  PORTK = (myAddress >> 8) & 0xFF;
  if (!adapter_retrode) {
    // CE(PH3) and OE(PH6) are connected
    PORTH = (PORTH & 0b11110111) | ((myAddress >> 12) & 0b00001000);
  }

  // Output data
  if (adapter_retrode && system_gg) {
    PORTA = myData;
  } else {
    PORTC = myData;
  }

  // Arduino running at 16Mhz -> one nop = 62.5ns
  // Wait till output is stable
  __asm__("nop\n\t"
          "nop\n\t"
          "nop\n\t"
          "nop\n\t");

  if (adapter_retrode) {
    // Switch WR(PL5) and OE/CE(PH6) to LOW
    PORTL &= ~(1 << 5);
    PORTH &= ~(1 << 6);
  } else {
    // Switch CE(PL1) and WR(PH5) to LOW
    PORTL &= ~(1 << 1);
    PORTH &= ~(1 << 5);
  }

  // Leave WR low for at least 60ns
  __asm__("nop\n\t"
          "nop\n\t"
          "nop\n\t"
          "nop\n\t");

  if (adapter_retrode) {
    // Switch WR(PL5) and OE/CE(PH6) to HIGH
    PORTH |= (1 << 6);
    PORTL |= (1 << 5);
  } else {
    // Switch CE(PL1) and WR(PH5) to HIGH
    PORTH |= (1 << 5);
    PORTL |= (1 << 1);
  }

  // Leave WR high for at least 50ns
  __asm__("nop\n\t"
          "nop\n\t"
          "nop\n\t"
          "nop\n\t");

  if (adapter_retrode && system_gg) {
    // Set Data Pins (D8-D15) to Input
    DDRA = 0x00;
  } else {
    // Set Data Pins (D0-D7) to Input
    DDRC = 0x00;
  }
}

byte readByte_SMS(word myAddress) {
  if (adapter_retrode && system_gg) {
    // Set Data Pins (D8-D15) to Input
    DDRA = 0x00;
  } else {
    // Set Data Pins (D0-D7) to Input
    DDRC = 0x00;
  }

  // Set Address
  PORTF = myAddress & 0xFF;
  PORTK = (myAddress >> 8) & 0xFF;
  if (!adapter_retrode) {
    // CE(PH3) and OE(PH6) are connected
    PORTH = (PORTH & 0b11110111) | ((myAddress >> 12) & 0b00001000);
  }

  __asm__("nop\n\t"
          "nop\n\t"
          "nop\n\t"
          "nop\n\t");

  if (adapter_retrode) {
    // Switch RD(PL6) and OE(PH6) to LOW
    PORTL &= ~(1 << 6);
    PORTH &= ~(1 << 6);
  } else {
    // Switch CE(PL1) and OE(PH6) to LOW
    PORTL &= ~(1 << 1);
    PORTH &= ~(1 << 6);
  }

  __asm__("nop\n\t"
          "nop\n\t"
          "nop\n\t"
          "nop\n\t");

  // Read
  byte tempByte = (adapter_retrode && system_gg) ? PINA : PINC;

  if (adapter_retrode) {
    // Switch RD(PL6) and OE(PH6) to HIGH
    PORTH |= (1 << 6);
    PORTL |= (1 << 6);
  } else {
    // Switch CE(PL1) and OE(PH6) to HIGH
    PORTH |= (1 << 6);
    PORTL |= (1 << 1);
  }

  __asm__("nop\n\t"
          "nop\n\t"
          "nop\n\t"
          "nop\n\t");

  return tempByte;
}

byte readNibble(byte data, byte number) {
  return ((data >> (number * 4)) & 0xF);
}

//*****************************************
//  Cartridges functions
//*****************************************
void getCartInfo_SMS() {  
  // Get rom size
  switch (readNibble(readByte_SMS(0x7FFF), 0)) {
    // Adding UL gets rid of integer overflow compiler warning
    case 0xa:
      cartSize = 8 * 1024UL;
      break;
    case 0xb:
      cartSize = 16 * 1024UL;
      break;
    case 0xc:
      cartSize = 32 * 1024UL;
      break;
    case 0xd:
      cartSize = 48 * 1024UL;
      break;
    case 0xe:
      cartSize = 64 * 1024UL;
      break;
    case 0xf:
      cartSize = 128 * 1024UL;
      break;
    case 0x0:
      cartSize = 256 * 1024UL;
      break;
    case 0x1:
      cartSize = 512 * 1024UL;
      break;
    case 0x2:
      cartSize = 512 * 1024UL;
      break;
    case 0x3:
      // 0x3 is (only?) used in The Pro Yakyuu '91 (Game Gear)
      cartSize = 128 * 1024UL;
      break;
    default:
      cartSize = 48 * 1024UL;
      // LED Error
      setColor_RGB(0, 0, 255);
      break;
  }

  // Get rom name (expecting "TMR SEGA" string)
  for (byte i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
    romName[i] = char(readByte_SMS(0x7FF0 + i));
  }
  romName[8] = '\0';

  // Attempt to detect cart size by checking if "TMR SEGA" is mirrored
  unsigned long mirror_offset = cartSize;
  char romName2[9];
  while (mirror_offset < 1024 * 1024UL) {
    byte bank = 1 + (mirror_offset / (16 * 1024UL));
    writeByte_SMS(0xfffe, bank);
    for (byte i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
      romName2[i] = char(readByte_SMS(0x7FF0 + i));
    }
    romName2[8] = '\0';

    // print_Msg(F("Name2: "));
    // println_Msg(romName2);
    // print_Msg(F("from bank "));
    // print_Msg(bank);
    // print_Msg(F(" offset "));
    // print_Msg_PaddedHex32(mirror_offset + 0x7FF0);
    // println_Msg(F(""));

    if (strcmp(romName2, romName) == 0) {
      break;
    }

    if (cartSize == 48 * 1024UL) {
      cartSize = 64 * 1024UL;
    } else {
      cartSize *= 2;
    }
    mirror_offset = cartSize;
  }

  writeByte_SMS(0xFFFE, 1);

  // Fix for "Fantasy Zone (J) (V1.0)" that has not the normal header, but "COPYRIGHT SEGAPRG. BY T.ASAI".
  char headerFZ[29];
  if (strcmp(romName, "G. BY T.A") != 0) {
    for (byte i = 0; i < 28; i++) {
      headerFZ[i] = char(readByte_SMS(0x7FE0 + i));
    }
    headerFZ[28] = '\0';

    if (strcmp(headerFZ, "COPYRIGHT SEGAPRG. BY T.ASAI") == 0) {
      strcpy(romName, "TMR SEGA");
      cartSize = 128 * 1024UL;
    }
  }

  // If "TMR SEGA" header is not found
  if (strcmp(romName, "TMR SEGA") != 0) { 
    // Set rom size manually
    unsigned char SMSRomSize;

    if (system_sg1000) {
      // Rom sizes for SG-1000
      convertPgm(SG1RomSizeMenu, 4);
      SMSRomSize = question_box(F("Select ROM size"), menuOptions, 4, 0);
      switch (SMSRomSize) {
        case 0:
          cartSize = 8 * 1024UL; // 8KB
          break;
        case 1:
          cartSize = 16 * 1024UL; // 16KB
          break;
        case 2:
          cartSize = 24 * 1024UL; // 24KB
          break;
        case 3:
          cartSize = 32 * 1024UL; // 32KB
          break;
        //case 4:
        //  cartSize = 40 * 1024UL; // 40KB
        //  break;
        //case 5:
        //  cartSize = 48 * 1024UL; // 48KB
        //  break;
      }
    } else {
      // Rom sizes for SMS and GG
      convertPgm(SMSRomSizeMenu, 6);
      SMSRomSize = question_box(F("Select ROM size"), menuOptions, 6, 0);
      switch (SMSRomSize) {
        case 0:
          cartSize = 32 * 1024UL; // 32KB
          break;
        case 1:
          cartSize = 64 * 1024UL; // 64KB
          break;
        case 2:
          cartSize = 128 * 1024UL; // 128KB
          break;
        case 3:
          cartSize = 256 * 1024UL; // 256KB
          break;
        case 4:
          cartSize = 512 * 1024UL; // 512KB
          break;
        case 5:
          cartSize = 1024 * 1024UL; // 1MB
          break;
      }
    }

    // Display cart info
    display_Clear();
    println_Msg(F("SMS/GG header not found"));
    println_Msg(F(" "));
    print_Msg(F("Name: "));
    println_Msg(romName);
    print_Msg(F("Selected Size: "));
    print_Msg(cartSize / 1024);
    println_Msg(F("KB"));
    println_Msg(F(" "));
    sprintf(romName, "UNKNOWN");
  }

  // If "TMR SEGA" header is found
  else {
    display_Clear();
    if (system_sms) {
      println_Msg(F("SMS header info"));
    } else {
      println_Msg(F("GG header info"));
    }
    println_Msg(F(" "));
    print_Msg(F("Name: "));
    println_Msg(romName);
    print_Msg(F("Size: "));
    print_Msg(cartSize / 1024);
    println_Msg(F("KB"));
    println_Msg(F(" "));
  }

  // Wait for user input
  #if (defined(enable_LCD) || defined(enable_OLED))
    // Prints string out of the common strings array either with or without newline
    print_STR(press_button_STR, 1);
    display_Update();
    wait();
  #endif

  // Turn off LED
  setColor_RGB(0, 0, 0);
}

//******************************************
//  Read ROM and save it to the SD card
//******************************************
void readROM_SMS() {
  // Get name, add extension depending on the system and convert to char array for sd lib
  EEPROM_readAnything(0, foldern);
  strcpy(fileName, romName);
  if (system_sms) {
    strcat(fileName, ".sms");
    sprintf(folder, "SMS/ROM/%s/%d", romName, foldern);
  } else if (system_gg) {
    strcat(fileName, ".gg");
    sprintf(folder, "GG/ROM/%s/%d", romName, foldern);
  } else {
    strcat(fileName, ".sg");
    sprintf(folder, "SG1000/ROM/%s/%d", romName, foldern);
  }

  // Create a new folder
  sd.chdir("/");
  sd.mkdir(folder, true);
  sd.chdir(folder);

  display_Clear();
  print_STR(saving_to_STR, 0);
  print_Msg(folder);
  println_Msg(F("/..."));
  display_Update();

  // Write new folder number back to eeprom
  foldern = foldern + 1;
  EEPROM_writeAnything(0, foldern);

  // Open file on sd card
  if (!myFile.open(fileName, O_RDWR | O_CREAT)) {
    print_FatalError(sd_error_STR);
  }

  // Set default bank size to 16KB
  word bankSize = 16 * 1024UL;

  // For carts not using mappers (SG1000 or SMS/GG 32KB)
  if ((system_sg1000) || (cartSize == 32 * 1024UL)) {
    bankSize = cartSize;
  }

  // Initialize progress bar
  uint32_t processedProgressBar = 0;
  uint32_t totalProgressBar = (uint32_t)(cartSize);
  draw_progressbar(0, totalProgressBar);

  for (byte currBank = 0x0; currBank < (cartSize / bankSize); currBank++) {
    // Write current 16KB bank to slot 2 register 0xFFFF
    if (!system_sg1000) {
      writeByte_SMS(0xFFFF, currBank);
    }

    // Blink led
    blinkLED();

    // Read 16KB from slot 2 which starts at 0x8000
    for (word currBuffer = 0; currBuffer < bankSize; currBuffer += 512) {
      // Fill SD buffer
      for (int currByte = 0; currByte < 512; currByte++) {
        sdBuffer[currByte] = readByte_SMS(((system_sg1000) || (cartSize == 32 * 1024UL) ? 0 : 0x8000) + currBuffer + currByte);
      }
      // hexdump for debugging:
      // if (currBank == 0 && currBuffer == 0) {
      //   for (word xi = 0; xi < 0x100; xi++) {
      //     if (xi%16==0) {
      //       print_Msg_PaddedHex16(xi);
      //       print_Msg(F(" "));
      //     }
      //     print_Msg_PaddedHexByte(sdBuffer[xi]);
      //     if (xi>0&&((xi+1)%16)==0) {
      //       println_Msg(F(""));
      //     } else {
      //       print_Msg(F(" "));
      //     }
      //   }
      // }
      myFile.write(sdBuffer, 512);
    }

    // Update progress bar
    processedProgressBar += bankSize;
    draw_progressbar(processedProgressBar, totalProgressBar);
  }

  // Close file
  myFile.close();

  // Compare dump checksum with database values
  if (system_sms) {
    compareCRC("sms.txt", 0, 1, 0);
  } else if (system_gg) {
    compareCRC("gg.txt", 0, 1, 0);
  } else {
    compareCRC("sg1000.txt", 0, 1, 0);
  }

  #ifdef global_log
    save_log();
  #endif

  print_STR(press_button_STR, 1);
}

//******************************************
//  Read SRAM and save to the SD card
///*****************************************
void readSRAM_SMS() {
  // Get name, add extension and convert to char array for sd lib
  strcpy(fileName, romName);
  strcat(fileName, ".sav");

  EEPROM_readAnything(0, foldern);
  if (system_gg) {
    sprintf(folder, "GG/SAVE/%s/%d", romName, foldern);
  } else {
    sprintf(folder, "SMS/SAVE/%s/%d", romName, foldern);
  }

  // Create a new folder
  sd.chdir("/");
  sd.mkdir(folder, true);
  sd.chdir(folder);

  display_Clear();
  print_STR(saving_to_STR, 0);
  print_Msg(folder);
  println_Msg(F("/..."));
  display_Update();

  // write new folder number back to eeprom
  foldern = foldern + 1;
  EEPROM_writeAnything(0, foldern);

  // Create file on sd card
  if (myFile.open(fileName, O_RDWR | O_CREAT)) {
    // Write the whole 32KB
    // When there is only 8KB of SRAM, the contents should be duplicated
    word bankSize = 16 * 1024UL;
    for (byte currBank = 0x0; currBank < 2; currBank++) {
      writeByte_SMS(0xFFFC, 0x08 | (currBank << 2));

      // Blink led
      blinkLED();

      // Read 16KB from slot 2 which starts at 0x8000
      for (word currBuffer = 0; currBuffer < bankSize; currBuffer += 512) {
        // Fill SD buffer
        for (int currByte = 0; currByte < 512; currByte++) {
          sdBuffer[currByte] = readByte_SMS(0x8000 + currBuffer + currByte);
        }
        myFile.write(sdBuffer, 512);
      }
    }
    // Close file
    myFile.close();
    print_STR(press_button_STR, 1);
    display_Update();
  } else {
      print_FatalError(sd_error_STR);
  }
}

//**********************************************
//  Read file from SD card and write it to SRAM
//**********************************************
void writeSRAM_SMS() {
  if (false) {
    print_Error(F("DISABLED"));
  } else {
    fileBrowser(F("Select file"));

    sd.chdir();
    sprintf(filePath, "%s/%s", filePath, fileName);

    display_Clear();
    println_Msg(F("Restoring from "));
    println_Msg(filePath);
    display_Update();

    if (myFile.open(filePath, O_READ)) {
      // Get SRAM size from file, with a maximum of 32KB
      uint32_t sramSize = myFile.fileSize();
      if (sramSize > ((uint32_t)32 * (uint32_t)1024)) {
        sramSize = (uint32_t)32 * (uint32_t)1024;
      }
      print_Msg(F("sramSize: "));
      print_Msg(sramSize);
      println_Msg(F(""));
      word bankSize = 16 * 1024;
      for (word address = 0x0; address < sramSize; address += 512) {
        byte currBank = address >= bankSize ? 1 : 0;
        word page_address = address - (currBank * bankSize);
        writeByte_SMS(0xFFFC, 0x08 | (currBank << 2));
        // Blink led
        blinkLED();
        myFile.read(sdBuffer, 512);
        for (int x = 0; x < 512; x++) {
          writeByte_SMS(0x8000 + page_address + x, sdBuffer[x]);
        }
      }

      // Close file
      myFile.close();
      print_STR(press_button_STR, 1);
      display_Update();
    } else {
      print_FatalError(sd_error_STR);
    }
  }
  sd.chdir();          // root
  filePath[0] = '\0';  // Reset filePath
}
#endif

//******************************************
// End of File
//******************************************