This Arduino code is written by a beginner for beginners, therefore I tried to comment every line of code. To an experienced coder this probably will seem very wrong but it really helps if you're just starting out.   

Every submodule has it's own setup_XX() function that configures the needed pins and a submenu that lets you choose what you want to do. 
The code directly addresses the pins via the DDR, PIN and PORT registers.   
Please also refer to the [pinout Excel sheet](https://github.com/sanni/cartreader/blob/master/pinout.xls).    
```
void setup_N64_Controller() {  
  // Output a low signal  
  PORTH &= ~(1 << 4);  
  // Set Controller Data Pin(PH4) to Input  
  DDRH &= ~(1 << 4);  
}  
```

Would be the same as this in a more traditional Arduino sketch:  
```
int dataPin = 7;   

void setup(){    
  // Output a low signal   
  digitalWrite(dataPin, LOW);   
  // Set controller data pin to input  
  pinMode(dataPin, INPUT);  
}  
```
To preserve memory every string is saved into the flash of the Arduino, also called progmem. This is done by using the F() macro.   
```
println_Msg(F("Press Button."));  
```
Also all the menus are stored in progmem and are only recalled to sram when needed.  
```
// N64 controller menu items  
const char N64ContMenuItem1[] PROGMEM = "Test Controller";  
const char N64ContMenuItem2[] PROGMEM = "Read ControllerPak";  
const char N64ContMenuItem3[] PROGMEM = "Write ControllerPak";  
const char N64ContMenuItem4[] PROGMEM = "Reset";  
const char* const menuOptionsN64Controller[] PROGMEM = {N64ContMenuItem1, N64ContMenuItem2, N64ContMenuItem3, N64ContMenuItem4};  
```
In an effort to keep the codebase as portable as possible instead of using the functions supplied by the OLED library directly to print out text, auxiliary functions like `println_Msg` are being used. So if you want to change to another display library you don't need to change all the code but only the helper functions. 
```
void print_Msg(long unsigned int message) {
  if (enable_OLED)
    display.print(message);
  if (enable_Serial)
    Serial.print(message);
}
```

Before uploading the code to your Arduino you need to select your hardware version in options.h        
```
//******************************************     
// CHOOSE HARDWARE VERSION     
//******************************************    
#define HW4    
//#define HW3    
//#define HW2    
//#define HW1    
//#define SERIAL_MONITOR    

```

For more info please have a look at [this wiki article](https://github.com/sanni/cartreader/wiki/How-to-flash-the-Arduino).   

Needed libraries(already included in the portable Arduino IDE under Releases)   

SD lib: https://github.com/greiman/SdFat    
OLED lib: https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_SSD1306    
GFX Lib: https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit-GFX-Library    
BusIO: https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_BusIO    
LCD lib: https://github.com/olikraus/u8g2     
RGB Tools lib: https://github.com/joushx/Arduino-RGB-Tools     
Neopixel lib: https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_NeoPixel    
Rotary Enc lib: https://github.com/mathertel/RotaryEncoder    
SI5351 lib: https://github.com/etherkit/Si5351Arduino        
RTC lib: https://github.com/adafruit/RTClib