Merge 0813989fd9 into b85210863f

common/batch.py

@@ -12,27 +12,79 @@ from torchrec.streamable import Pipelineable
 
 
 class BatchBase(Pipelineable, abc.ABC):
+  """
+    A base class for batches used in pipelines.
+
+    Attributes:
+        None
+
+    """
   @abc.abstractmethod
   def as_dict(self) -> Dict:
+    """
+        Convert the batch into a dictionary representation.
+
+        Returns:
+            Dict: A dictionary representation of the batch.
+
+        Raises:
+            NotImplementedError: If the method is not implemented in a subclass.
+
+        """
     raise NotImplementedError
 
   def to(self, device: torch.device, non_blocking: bool = False):
+    """
+        Move the batch to the specified device.
+
+        Args:
+            device (torch.device): The target device.
+            non_blocking (bool, optional): Whether to use non-blocking transfers. Defaults to False.
+
+        Returns:
+            BatchBase: A new batch on the target device.
+
+        """
     args = {}
     for feature_name, feature_value in self.as_dict().items():
       args[feature_name] = feature_value.to(device=device, non_blocking=non_blocking)
     return self.__class__(**args)
 
   def record_stream(self, stream: torch.cuda.streams.Stream) -> None:
+    """
+        Record a CUDA stream for all tensors in the batch.
+
+        Args:
+            stream (torch.cuda.streams.Stream): The CUDA stream to record.
+
+        Returns:
+            None
+
+        """
     for feature_value in self.as_dict().values():
       feature_value.record_stream(stream)
 
   def pin_memory(self):
+    """
+        Pin memory for all tensors in the batch.
+
+        Returns:
+            BatchBase: A new batch with pinned memory.
+
+        """
     args = {}
     for feature_name, feature_value in self.as_dict().items():
       args[feature_name] = feature_value.pin_memory()
     return self.__class__(**args)
 
   def __repr__(self) -> str:
+    """
+        Generate a string representation of the batch.
+
+        Returns:
+            str: A string representation of the batch.
+
+        """
     def obj2str(v):
       return f"{v.size()}" if hasattr(v, "size") else f"{v.length_per_key()}"
 
@@ -40,6 +92,16 @@ class BatchBase(Pipelineable, abc.ABC):
 
   @property
   def batch_size(self) -> int:
+    """
+        Get the batch size from the tensors in the batch.
+
+        Returns:
+            int: The batch size.
+
+        Raises:
+            Exception: If the batch size cannot be determined from the tensors.
+
+        """
     for tensor in self.as_dict().values():
       if tensor is None:
         continue
@@ -51,11 +113,32 @@ class BatchBase(Pipelineable, abc.ABC):
 
 @dataclass
 class DataclassBatch(BatchBase):
+  """
+    A batch class that uses dataclasses to define its fields.
+
+    Attributes:
+        None
+
+    """
   @classmethod
   def feature_names(cls):
+    """
+        Get the feature names of the dataclass.
+
+        Returns:
+            List[str]: A list of feature names.
+
+        """
     return list(cls.__dataclass_fields__.keys())
 
   def as_dict(self):
+    """
+        Convert the dataclass batch into a dictionary representation.
+
+        Returns:
+            Dict: A dictionary representation of the batch.
+
+        """
     return {
       feature_name: getattr(self, feature_name)
       for feature_name in self.feature_names()
@@ -64,7 +147,18 @@ class DataclassBatch(BatchBase):
 
   @staticmethod
   def from_schema(name: str, schema):
-    """Instantiates a custom batch subclass if all columns can be represented as a torch.Tensor."""
+    """
+        Instantiate a custom batch subclass if all columns can be represented as a torch.Tensor.
+
+        Args:
+            name (str): The name of the custom batch class.
+            schema: The schema or structure of the batch.
+
+        Returns:
+            Type[DataclassBatch]: A custom batch class.
+
+        """
+
     return dataclasses.make_dataclass(
       cls_name=name,
       fields=[(name, torch.Tensor, dataclasses.field(default=None)) for name in schema.names],
@@ -73,6 +167,17 @@ class DataclassBatch(BatchBase):
 
   @staticmethod
   def from_fields(name: str, fields: dict):
+    """
+        Create a custom batch subclass from a set of fields.
+
+        Args:
+            name (str): The name of the custom batch class.
+            fields (dict): A dictionary specifying the fields and their types.
+
+        Returns:
+            Type[DataclassBatch]: A custom batch class.
+
+        """
     return dataclasses.make_dataclass(
       cls_name=name,
       fields=[(_name, _type, dataclasses.field(default=None)) for _name, _type in fields.items()],
@@ -81,5 +186,19 @@ class DataclassBatch(BatchBase):
 
 
 class DictionaryBatch(BatchBase, dict):
+  """
+    A batch class that represents data as a dictionary.
+
+    Attributes:
+        None
+
+    """
   def as_dict(self) -> Dict:
+    """
+        Convert the dictionary batch into a dictionary representation.
+
+        Returns:
+            Dict: A dictionary representation of the batch.
+
+        """
     return self

common/checkpointing/snapshot.py

@@ -13,23 +13,30 @@ GCS_PREFIX = "gs://"
 
 
 class Snapshot:
-  """Checkpoints using torchsnapshot.
-
-  Also saves step to be updated by the training loop.
-
   """
+    Checkpoints using torchsnapshot. Also saves step to be updated by the training loop.
+    """
 
   def __init__(self, save_dir: str, state: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+    """
+        Initializes a Snapshot object.
+
+        Args:
+            save_dir (str): Directory where checkpoints will be saved.
+            state (Dict[str, Any]): State dictionary containing checkpoint information.
+        """
     self.save_dir = save_dir
     self.state = state
     self.state["extra_state"] = torchsnapshot.StateDict(step=0, walltime=0.0)
 
   @property
   def step(self):
+    """Get the current training step."""
     return self.state["extra_state"]["step"]
 
   @step.setter
   def step(self, step: int) -> None:
+    """Set the current training step."""
     self.state["extra_state"]["step"] = step
 
   @property
@@ -41,7 +48,15 @@ class Snapshot:
     self.state["extra_state"]["walltime"] = walltime
 
   def save(self, global_step: int) -> "PendingSnapshot":
-    """Saves checkpoint with given global_step."""
+    """
+        Saves a checkpoint with a given global step.
+
+        Args:
+            global_step (int): The global step to associate with the checkpoint.
+
+        Returns:
+            PendingSnapshot: A pending snapshot object.
+        """
     path = os.path.join(self.save_dir, str(global_step))
     logging.info(f"Saving snapshot global_step {global_step} to {path}.")
     start_time = time.time()
@@ -58,7 +73,12 @@ class Snapshot:
     return snapshot
 
   def restore(self, checkpoint: str) -> None:
-    """Restores a given checkpoint."""
+    """
+        Restores a given checkpoint.
+
+        Args:
+            checkpoint (str): Path to the checkpoint to restore.
+        """
     snapshot = torchsnapshot.Snapshot(path=checkpoint)
     logging.info(f"Restoring snapshot from {snapshot.path}.")
     start_time = time.time()
@@ -83,12 +103,17 @@ class Snapshot:
     global_step: Optional[int] = None,
     missing_ok: bool = False,
   ) -> torchsnapshot.Snapshot:
-    """Get torch stateless snapshot, without actually loading it.
-    Args:
-      snapshot_path: path to the model snapshot
-      global_step: restores from this checkpoint if specified.
-      missing_ok: if True and checkpoints do not exist, returns without restoration.
     """
+        Get a torch stateless snapshot, without actually loading it.
+
+        Args:
+            snapshot_path (str): Path to the model snapshot.
+            global_step (int, optional): Restores from this checkpoint if specified.
+            missing_ok (bool): If True and checkpoints do not exist, returns without restoration.
+
+        Returns:
+            torchsnapshot.Snapshot: A torch snapshot object.
+        """
     path = get_checkpoint(snapshot_path, global_step, missing_ok)
     logging.info(f"Loading snapshot from {path}.")
     return torchsnapshot.Snapshot(path=path)
@@ -100,13 +125,14 @@ class Snapshot:
     snapshot_emb_name: str,
     weight_tensor,
   ) -> None:
-    """Loads pretrained embedding from the snapshot to the model.
-       Utilise partial lodaing meachanism from torchsnapshot.
-    Args:
-      embedding_snapshot: Path to the snapshot containing pretrained embeddings (EBC).
-      snapshot_emb_name: Name of the layer in the *snapshot* model, containing the EBC.
-      weight_tensor: embeddings tensor of *current* model, where the embeddings will be loaded.
     """
+        Loads pretrained embedding from the snapshot to the model.
+
+        Args:
+            embedding_snapshot (torchsnapshot.Snapshot): Path to the snapshot containing pretrained embeddings (EBC).
+            snapshot_emb_name (str): Name of the layer in the snapshot model containing the EBC.
+            weight_tensor: Embeddings tensor of the current model where the embeddings will be loaded.
+        """
     start_time = time.time()
     manifest = embedding_snapshot.get_manifest()
     for path in manifest.keys():
@@ -209,7 +235,22 @@ def get_checkpoint(
 
 
 def get_checkpoints(save_dir: str) -> List[str]:
-  """Gets all checkpoints that have been fully written."""
+  """
+    Get a list of fully written checkpoints in the specified directory.
+
+    This function retrieves a list of fully written checkpoints in the given directory.
+    Checkpoints that are considered fully written include those that have a
+    corresponding snapshot metadata file.
+
+    Args:
+        save_dir (str): The directory where checkpoints are stored.
+
+    Returns:
+        List[str]: A list of fully written checkpoint paths.
+
+    Note:
+        Checkpoints are sorted by their numeric filenames in ascending order.
+    """
   checkpoints = []
   fs = infer_fs(save_dir)
   if fs.exists(save_dir):
@@ -232,6 +273,18 @@ def wait_for_evaluators(
   global_step: int,
   timeout: int,
 ) -> None:
+  """
+    Waits for all evaluators to finish and checks for their completion status.
+
+    Args:
+        save_dir (str): Directory where checkpoints are saved.
+        partition_names (List[str]): List of partition names to check for completion.
+        global_step (int): The global step for which to wait for evaluators.
+        timeout (int): Maximum time in seconds to wait for evaluators to finish.
+
+    Returns:
+        None: This function returns nothing but logs the progress and results.
+    """
   logging.info("Waiting for all evaluators to finish.")
   start_time = time.time()
 

common/device.py

@@ -5,6 +5,15 @@ import torch.distributed as dist
 
 
 def maybe_setup_tensorflow():
+  """
+    Try to import TensorFlow and disable GPU devices if TensorFlow is available.
+
+    This function checks if TensorFlow is installed and, if so, disables GPU devices used by TensorFlow to avoid conflicts with PyTorch.
+
+    Returns:
+        None
+
+    """
   try:
     import tensorflow as tf
   except ImportError:
@@ -14,6 +23,18 @@ def maybe_setup_tensorflow():
 
 
 def setup_and_get_device(tf_ok: bool = True) -> torch.device:
+  """
+    Set up the distributed environment and get the appropriate torch device.
+
+    This function sets up the distributed environment using PyTorch's `dist.init_process_group` and retrieves the appropriate torch device based on GPU availability and local rank.
+
+    Args:
+        tf_ok (bool, optional): Whether to run `maybe_setup_tensorflow` to disable TensorFlow GPU devices. Defaults to True.
+
+    Returns:
+        torch.device: The torch device for the current process.
+
+    """
   if tf_ok:
     maybe_setup_tensorflow()
 

common/filesystem/util.py

@@ -8,6 +8,18 @@ LOCAL_FS = LocalFileSystem()
 
 
 def infer_fs(path: str):
+  """
+    Infer the file system (fs) type based on the given path.
+
+    Args:
+        path (str): The file path.
+
+    Returns:
+        str: The inferred file system type ("gs://" for Google Cloud Storage, "hdfs://" for Hadoop Distributed File System, or "local" for local file system).
+    
+    Raises:
+        NotImplementedError: If the path indicates Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) which is not yet supported.
+    """
   if path.startswith("gs://"):
     return GCS_FS
   elif path.startswith("hdfs://"):
@@ -18,8 +30,26 @@ def infer_fs(path: str):
 
 
 def is_local_fs(fs):
+  """
+    Check if the given file system is the local file system.
+
+    Args:
+        fs (str): The file system type to check.
+
+    Returns:
+        bool: True if the file system is the local file system, False otherwise.
+    """
   return fs == LOCAL_FS
 
 
 def is_gcs_fs(fs):
+  """
+    Check if the given file system is Google Cloud Storage (GCS).
+
+    Args:
+        fs (str): The file system type to check.
+
+    Returns:
+        bool: True if the file system is GCS, False otherwise.
+    """
   return fs == GCS_FS

common/log_weights.py

@@ -49,15 +49,25 @@ def log_ebc_norms(
   ebc_keys: List[str],
   sample_size: int = 4_000_000,
 ) -> Dict[str, torch.Tensor]:
-  """Logs the norms of the embedding tables as specified by ebc_keys.
-  As of now, log average norm per rank.
-
-  Args:
-      model_state_dict: model.state_dict()
-      ebc_keys: list of embedding keys from state_dict to log. Must contain full name,
-      i.e. model.embeddings.ebc.embedding_bags.meta__user_id.weight
-      sample_size: Limits number of rows per rank to compute average on to avoid OOM.
   """
+    Logs the norms of the embedding tables as specified by ebc_keys.
+    As of now, log average norm per rank.
+
+    Args:
+        model_state_dict (dict): The state dictionary of the model.
+        ebc_keys (List[str]): List of embedding keys from state_dict to log.
+            Each key must contain the full name, e.g., "model.embeddings.ebc.embedding_bags.meta__user_id.weight".
+        sample_size (int, optional): Limits the number of rows per rank to compute average on
+            to avoid out-of-memory (OOM) errors. Defaults to 4,000,000.
+
+    Returns:
+        Dict[str, torch.Tensor]: A dictionary containing the computed norms of the embedding tables.
+            The keys are in the format "{emb_key}-norm-{idx}".
+
+    Note:
+        This function computes and logs the average norm of embedding tables across ranks.
+        It gathers the norms from all ranks and returns them as a dictionary.
+    """
   norm_logs = dict()
   for emb_key in ebc_keys:
     norms = (torch.ones(1, dtype=torch.float32) * -1).to(torch.device(f"cuda:{dist.get_rank()}"))

common/modules/embedding/embedding.py

@@ -11,6 +11,20 @@ import numpy as np
 
 
 class LargeEmbeddings(nn.Module):
+  """
+    A module for handling large embeddings.
+
+    Args:
+        large_embeddings_config (LargeEmbeddingsConfig): The configuration for large embeddings.
+
+    Attributes:
+        ebc (EmbeddingBagCollection): An instance of EmbeddingBagCollection for managing embeddings.
+        surgery_cut_point (torch.nn.Identity): A hook for performing post-processing surgery on large embedding models.
+
+    Note:
+        The `surgery_cut_point` attribute is used for post-processing surgery on large embedding models to prepare them for serving.
+
+    """
   def __init__(
     self,
     large_embeddings_config: LargeEmbeddingsConfig,
@@ -52,6 +66,16 @@ class LargeEmbeddings(nn.Module):
     self,
     sparse_features: KeyedJaggedTensor,
   ) -> KeyedTensor:
+    """
+        Forward pass of the LargeEmbeddings module.
+
+        Args:
+            sparse_features (KeyedJaggedTensor): Sparse input features.
+
+        Returns:
+            KeyedTensor: The output of the forward pass, a KeyedTensor.
+
+        """
     pooled_embs = self.ebc(sparse_features)
 
     # a KeyedTensor

common/run_training.py

@@ -11,6 +11,12 @@ import torch.distributed.run
 
 
 def is_distributed_worker():
+  """
+    Checks if the current process is a distributed worker.
+
+    Returns:
+        bool: True if the necessary distributed PyTorch environment variables (WORLD_SIZE, RANK) are set, else False.
+    """
   world_size = os.environ.get("WORLD_SIZE", None)
   rank = os.environ.get("RANK", None)
   return world_size is not None and rank is not None
@@ -25,25 +31,36 @@ def maybe_run_training(
   is_chief: Optional[bool] = False,
   **training_kwargs,
 ):
-  """Wrapper function for single node, multi-GPU Pytorch training.
-
-  If the necessary distributed Pytorch environment variables
-  (WORLD_SIZE, RANK) have been set, then this function executes
-  `train_fn(**training_kwargs)`.
-
-  Otherwise, this function calls torchrun and points at the calling module
-  `module_name`.  After this call, the necessary environment variables are set
-  and training will commence.
-
-  Args:
-    train_fn:  The function that is responsible for training
-    module_name:  The name of the module that this function was called from;
-       used to indicate torchrun entrypoint.
-    nproc_per_node: Number of workers per node; supported values.
-    num_nodes: Number of nodes, otherwise inferred from environment.
-    is_chief: If process is running on chief.
-    set_python_path_in_subprocess: A bool denoting whether to set PYTHONPATH.
   """
+    Wrapper function for single node, multi-GPU PyTorch training.
+
+    If the necessary distributed PyTorch environment variables (WORLD_SIZE, RANK) have been set, then this function executes
+    `train_fn(**training_kwargs)`.
+
+    Otherwise, this function calls torchrun and points at the calling module
+    `module_name`. After this call, the necessary environment variables are set
+    and training will commence.
+
+    Args:
+        train_fn (callable): The function responsible for training.
+        module_name (str): The name of the module that this function was called from; used to indicate torchrun entrypoint.
+        nproc_per_node (int, optional): Number of workers per node. Defaults to None.
+        num_nodes (int, optional): Number of nodes. Defaults to None.
+        is_chief (bool, optional): If the process is running on the chief node. Defaults to False.
+        set_python_path_in_subprocess (bool, optional): Whether to set PYTHONPATH in the subprocess. Defaults to False.
+        **training_kwargs: Additional keyword arguments to pass to the `train_fn`.
+
+    Note:
+        This function checks if the current process is a distributed worker by examining the environment variables.
+        If it is a worker, it directly calls `train_fn(**training_kwargs)`. Otherwise, it sets up the necessary
+        environment variables and launches the training process using torchrun.
+
+    Example:
+        To run training on a single node with 4 GPUs, you can use:
+        ```
+        maybe_run_training(train_function, __name__, nproc_per_node=4)
+        ```
+    """
 
   machines = utils.machine_from_env()
   if num_nodes is None:

common/testing_utils.py

@@ -19,6 +19,23 @@ MOCK_ENV = {
 
 @contextmanager
 def mock_pg():
+  """
+    A context manager for mocking the distributed process group for testing purposes.
+
+    This context manager temporarily sets environment variables to mock the distributed process group
+    and initializes it using the Gloo backend. It is useful for testing distributed training without
+    actually launching multiple processes.
+
+    Example:
+        ```python
+        with mock_pg():
+            # Your distributed training code here
+        ```
+
+    Note:
+        This context manager should be used within a testing environment to simulate distributed training
+        without actually creating multiple processes.
+    """
   with patch.dict(os.environ, MOCK_ENV):
     try:
       dist.init_process_group(

common/utils.py

@@ -12,6 +12,15 @@ C = TypeVar("C", bound=base_config.BaseConfig)
 
 
 def _read_file(f):
+  """
+    Read the contents of a file using fsspec.
+
+    Args:
+        f: File path or URL.
+
+    Returns:
+        The contents of the file.
+    """
   with fsspec.open(f) as f:
     return f.read()
 
@@ -21,18 +30,24 @@ def setup_configuration(
   yaml_path: str,
   substitute_env_variable: bool = False,
 ) -> Tuple[C, str]:
-  """Resolves a config at a yaml path.
-
-  Args:
-    config_type: Pydantic config class to load.
-    yaml_path: yaml path of the config file.
-    substitute_env_variable: If True substitute string in the format $VAR or ${VAR} by their
-    environment variable value whenever possible. If an environment variable doesn't exist,
-    the string is left unchanged.
-
-  Returns:
-    The pydantic config object.
   """
+    Load a Pydantic config object from a YAML file and optionally substitute environment variables.
+
+    Args:
+        config_type: Pydantic config class to load.
+        yaml_path: YAML path of the config file.
+        substitute_env_variable: If True, substitute strings in the format $VAR or ${VAR}
+            with their environment variable values whenever possible.
+            If an environment variable doesn't exist, the string is left unchanged.
+
+    Returns:
+        A tuple containing the Pydantic config object and the resolved YAML content.
+
+    Example:
+        ```python
+        config, resolved_yaml = setup_configuration(MyConfig, "config.yaml", substitute_env_variable=True)
+        ```
+    """
 
   def _substitute(s):
     if substitute_env_variable:

common/wandb.py

@@ -6,6 +6,33 @@ import pydantic
 
 
 class WandbConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
+  """
+    Configuration for integrating with Weights and Biases (WandB).
+
+    Attributes:
+        host (str): Host of the Weights and Biases instance, passed to login.
+        key_path (str): Path to the key file.
+        name (str): Name of the experiment, passed to init.
+        entity (str): Name of the user/service account, passed to init.
+        project (str): Name of the WandB project, passed to init.
+        tags (List[str]): List of tags, passed to init.
+        notes (str): Notes, passed to init.
+        metadata (Dict[str, Any]): Additional metadata to log.
+
+    Example:
+        ```python
+        wandb_config = WandbConfig(
+            host="https://wandb.example.com",
+            key_path="/path/to/key",
+            name="experiment_1",
+            entity="user123",
+            project="my_project",
+            tags=["experiment", "ml"],
+            notes="This is a test experiment.",
+            metadata={"version": "1.0"}
+        )
+        ```
+    """
   host: str = pydantic.Field(
     "https://https--wandb--prod--wandb.service.qus1.twitter.biz/",
     description="Host of Weights and Biases instance, passed to login.",

core/config/base_config.py

@@ -8,59 +8,69 @@ import pydantic
 
 
 class BaseConfig(pydantic.BaseModel):
-  """Base class for all derived config classes.
+    """Base class for all derived config classes.
 
-  This class provides some convenient functionality:
+    This class provides convenient functionality and constraints for derived config classes:
-    - Disallows extra fields when constructing an object. User error
-      should be reduced by exact arguments.
-    - "one_of" fields. A subclass can group optional fields and enforce
-      that only one of the fields be set. For example:
 
-      ```
+    - Disallows extra fields when constructing an object. User errors due to extraneous arguments
+      are minimized.
+    - "one_of" fields: Subclasses can group optional fields and enforce that only one of the fields
+      be set. For example:
+
+      ```python
       class ExampleConfig(BaseConfig):
-        x: int = Field(None, one_of="group_1")
+          x: int = Field(None, one_of="group_1")
-        y: int = Field(None, one_of="group_1")
+          y: int = Field(None, one_of="group_1")
 
-      ExampleConfig(x=1) # ok
+      ExampleConfig(x=1)  # OK
-      ExampleConfig(y=1) # ok
+      ExampleConfig(y=1)  # OK
-      ExampleConfig(x=1, y=1) # throws error
+      ExampleConfig(x=1, y=1)  # Raises an error
       ```
-  """
 
-  class Config:
+    Attributes:
-    """Forbids extras."""
+        Config (class): Configuration options for this class, forbidding extra fields.
 
-    extra = pydantic.Extra.forbid  # noqa
+    Methods:
+        _field_data_map(cls, field_data_name): Create a map of fields with the provided field data.
+        _one_of_check(cls, values): Validate that all 'one of' fields appear exactly once.
+        _at_most_one_of_check(cls, values): Validate that all 'at_most_one_of' fields appear at most once.
+        pretty_print(self): Return a human-readable (YAML) representation of the config useful for logging.
 
-  @classmethod
+    """
-  @functools.lru_cache()
+    class Config:
-  def _field_data_map(cls, field_data_name):
+        """Configuration options that forbid extra fields."""
-    """Create a map of fields with provided the field data."""
+        extra = pydantic.Extra.forbid  # noqa
-    schema = cls.schema()
-    one_of = collections.defaultdict(list)
-    for field, fdata in schema["properties"].items():
-      if field_data_name in fdata:
-        one_of[fdata[field_data_name]].append(field)
-    return one_of
 
-  @pydantic.root_validator
+    @classmethod
-  def _one_of_check(cls, values):
+    @functools.lru_cache()
-    """Validate that all 'one of' fields are appear exactly once."""
+    def _field_data_map(cls, field_data_name):
-    one_of_map = cls._field_data_map("one_of")
+        """Create a map of fields with the provided field data."""
-    for one_of, field_names in one_of_map.items():
+        schema = cls.schema()
-      if sum([values.get(n, None) is not None for n in field_names]) != 1:
+        one_of = collections.defaultdict(list)
-        raise ValueError(f"Exactly one of {','.join(field_names)} required.")
+        for field, fdata in schema["properties"].items():
-    return values
+            if field_data_name in fdata:
+                one_of[fdata[field_data_name]].append(field)
+        return one_of
 
-  @pydantic.root_validator
+    @pydantic.root_validator
-  def _at_most_one_of_check(cls, values):
+    def _one_of_check(cls, values):
-    """Validate that all 'at_most_one_of' fields appear at most once."""
+        """Validate that all 'one of' fields appear exactly once."""
-    at_most_one_of_map = cls._field_data_map("at_most_one_of")
+        one_of_map = cls._field_data_map("one_of")
-    for one_of, field_names in at_most_one_of_map.items():
+        for one_of, field_names in one_of_map.items():
-      if sum([values.get(n, None) is not None for n in field_names]) > 1:
+            if sum([values.get(n, None) is not None for n in field_names]) != 1:
-        raise ValueError(f"At most one of {','.join(field_names)} can be set.")
+                raise ValueError(f"Exactly one of {','.join(field_names)} required.")
-    return values
+        return values
 
-  def pretty_print(self) -> str:
+    @pydantic.root_validator
-    """Return a human legible (yaml) representation of the config useful for logging."""
+    def _at_most_one_of_check(cls, values):
-    return yaml.dump(self.dict())
+        """Validate that all 'at_most_one_of' fields appear at most once."""
+        at_most_one_of_map = cls._field_data_map("at_most_one_of")
+        for one_of, field_names in at_most_one_of_map.items():
+            if sum([values.get(n, None) is not None for n in field_names]) > 1:
+                raise ValueError(f"At most one of {','.join(field_names)} can be set.")
+
+        return values
+
+    def pretty_print(self) -> str:
+        """Return a human-readable (YAML) representation of the config useful for logging."""
+        return yaml.dump(self.dict())

core/config/base_config_test.py

@@ -6,33 +6,67 @@ import pydantic
 
 
 class BaseConfigTest(TestCase):
-  def test_extra_forbidden(self):
+    """
-    class Config(BaseConfig):
+    Unit tests for the BaseConfig class.
-      x: int
+    """
 
-    Config(x=1)
+    def test_extra_forbidden(self):
-    with self.assertRaises(pydantic.ValidationError):
+        """
-      Config(x=1, y=2)
+        Test that extra fields are forbidden when creating a Config instance.
 
-  def test_one_of(self):
+        This test case checks whether the `BaseConfig` class correctly raises a
-    class Config(BaseConfig):
+        `pydantic.ValidationError` when extra fields are provided when creating a
-      x: int = pydantic.Field(None, one_of="f")
+        `Config` instance.
-      y: int = pydantic.Field(None, one_of="f")
 
-    with self.assertRaises(pydantic.ValidationError):
+        Raises:
-      Config()
+            AssertionError: If the test fails.
-    Config(x=1)
+        """
-    Config(y=1)
+        class Config(BaseConfig):
-    with self.assertRaises(pydantic.ValidationError):
+            x: int
-      Config(x=1, y=3)
 
-  def test_at_most_one_of(self):
+        Config(x=1)
-    class Config(BaseConfig):
+        with self.assertRaises(pydantic.ValidationError):
-      x: int = pydantic.Field(None, at_most_one_of="f")
+            Config(x=1, y=2)
-      y: str = pydantic.Field(None, at_most_one_of="f")
 
-    Config()
+    def test_one_of(self):
-    Config(x=1)
+        """
-    Config(y="a")
+        Test the use of the `one_of` attribute for fields in a Config instance.
-    with self.assertRaises(pydantic.ValidationError):
+
-      Config(x=1, y="a")
+        This test case checks the behavior of the `one_of` attribute in a `Config`
+        instance. It verifies that the `pydantic.Field` correctly enforces the
+        specified constraint.
+
+        Raises:
+            AssertionError: If the test fails.
+        """
+        class Config(BaseConfig):
+            x: int = pydantic.Field(None, one_of="f")
+            y: int = pydantic.Field(None, one_of="f")
+
+        with self.assertRaises(pydantic.ValidationError):
+            Config()
+        Config(x=1)
+        Config(y=1)
+        with self.assertRaises(pydantic.ValidationError):
+            Config(x=1, y=3)
+
+    def test_at_most_one_of(self):
+        """
+        Test the use of the `at_most_one_of` attribute for fields in a Config instance.
+
+        This test case checks the behavior of the `at_most_one_of` attribute in a
+        `Config` instance. It verifies that the `pydantic.Field` enforces the
+        constraint where at most one of the specified fields can be provided.
+
+        Raises:
+            AssertionError: If the test fails.
+        """
+        class Config(BaseConfig):
+            x: int = pydantic.Field(None, at_most_one_of="f")
+            y: str = pydantic.Field(None, at_most_one_of="f")
+
+        Config()
+        Config(x=1)
+        Config(y="a")
+        with self.assertRaises(pydantic.ValidationError):
+            Config(x=1, y="a")

core/config/config_load.py

@@ -8,11 +8,42 @@ from tml.core.config.base_config import BaseConfig
 
 
 def load_config_from_yaml(config_type: Type[BaseConfig], yaml_path: str):
-  """Recommend method to load a config file (a yaml file) and parse it.
-
-  Because we have a shared filesystem the recommended route to running jobs it put modified config
-  files with the desired parameters somewhere on the filesytem and run jobs pointing to them.
   """
+    Recommend method to Load and parse a configuration from a YAML file.
+
+    This function loads a configuration from a YAML file, parses it, and returns an instance of the
+    specified config type.
+
+    Because we have a shared filesystem the recommended route to running jobs it put modified config
+    files with the desired parameters somewhere on the filesytem and run jobs pointing to them.
+
+    Args:
+        config_type (Type[BaseConfig]): The Pydantic config class to load.
+        yaml_path (str): The path to the YAML configuration file.
+
+    Returns:
+        BaseConfig: An instance of the specified config type populated with values from the YAML file.
+
+    Example:
+        Suppose you have a YAML file 'my_config.yaml' containing the following:
+
+        ```yaml
+        x: 42
+        y: "hello"
+        ```
+
+        You can load and parse it using this function as follows:
+
+        ```python
+        my_config = load_config_from_yaml(MyConfigClass, 'my_config.yaml')
+        ```
+
+    Note:
+        This function performs environment variable substitution in the YAML file. It replaces
+        occurrences of the format '$VAR' or '${VAR}' with their corresponding environment variable
+        values. If an environment variable does not exist, the string is left unchanged.
+
+    """
 
   def _substitute(s):
     return string.Template(s).safe_substitute(os.environ, USER=getpass.getuser())

core/config/test_config_load.py

@@ -8,11 +8,27 @@ import pydantic
 
 
 class _PointlessConfig(BaseConfig):
+      
   a: int
   user: str
 
 
 def test_load_config_from_yaml(tmp_path):
+  """Test loading a configuration from a YAML file and verifying its values.
+
+    This test function checks the functionality of the `load_config_from_yaml` function by creating
+    a temporary YAML configuration file, loading it, and asserting that the loaded config object
+    has the expected values.
+
+    Args:
+        tmp_path: A temporary directory provided by the `pytest` framework.
+
+    Test Steps:
+        1. Create a temporary YAML file containing configuration data.
+        2. Use the `load_config_from_yaml` function to load the configuration from the YAML file.
+        3. Assert that the loaded configuration object has the expected values.
+
+    """
   yaml_path = tmp_path.joinpath("test.yaml").as_posix()
   with open(yaml_path, "w") as yaml_file:
     yaml_file.write("""a: 3\nuser: ${USER}\n""")

core/config/training.py

@@ -9,6 +9,14 @@ import pydantic
 
 
 class RuntimeConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
+  """
+    Configuration for runtime settings.
+    
+    Attributes:
+    - wandb (Optional[WandbConfig]): Configuration for Wandb (Weights and Biases) integration.
+    - enable_tensorfloat32 (bool): Enable tensorfloat32 if on Ampere devices.
+    - enable_amp (bool): Enable automatic mixed precision.
+    """
   wandb: WandbConfig = pydantic.Field(None)
   enable_tensorfloat32: bool = pydantic.Field(
     False, description="Use tensorfloat32 if on Ampere devices."
@@ -17,6 +25,22 @@ class RuntimeConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
 
 
 class TrainingConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
+  """
+    Configuration for training settings.
+    
+    Attributes:
+    - save_dir (str): Directory to save checkpoints.
+    - num_train_steps (pydantic.PositiveInt): Number of training steps.
+    - initial_checkpoint_dir (str): Directory of initial checkpoints (optional).
+    - checkpoint_every_n (pydantic.PositiveInt): Save checkpoints every 'n' steps.
+    - checkpoint_max_to_keep (pydantic.PositiveInt): Maximum number of checkpoints to keep (optional).
+    - train_log_every_n (pydantic.PositiveInt): Log training information every 'n' steps.
+    - num_eval_steps (int): Number of evaluation steps. If < 0, the entire dataset will be used.
+    - eval_log_every_n (pydantic.PositiveInt): Log evaluation information every 'n' steps.
+    - eval_timeout_in_s (pydantic.PositiveFloat): Evaluation timeout in seconds.
+    - gradient_accumulation (int): Number of replica steps to accumulate gradients (optional).
+    - num_epochs (pydantic.PositiveInt): Number of training epochs.
+    """
   save_dir: str = pydantic.Field("/tmp/model", description="Directory to save checkpoints.")
   num_train_steps: pydantic.PositiveInt = 10000
   initial_checkpoint_dir: str = pydantic.Field(

core/custom_training_loop.py

@@ -46,7 +46,24 @@ def get_new_iterator(iterable: Iterable):
 
 
 def _get_step_fn(pipeline, data_iterator, training: bool):
+  """
+    Returns a function to perform a single evaluation step.
+
+    Args:
+        pipeline (Pipeline): The pipeline object containing the model.
+        data_iterator (Iterator): The data iterator for evaluation.
+        training (bool): Flag indicating if the model should be in training mode.
+
+    Returns:
+        function: A function that performs a single evaluation step.
+  """
   def step_fn():
+    """
+        Perform a single evaluation step.
+
+        Returns:
+            Any: The evaluation results after a single step.
+      """
     # It turns out that model.train() and model.eval() simply switch a single field inside the model
     # class,so it's somewhat safer to wrap in here.
     if training:
@@ -69,7 +86,21 @@ def _run_evaluation(
   eval_batch_size: int,
   logger=None,
 ):
-  """Runs the evaluation loop over all evaluation iterators."""
+  """
+    Run the evaluation loop over all evaluation iterators.
+
+    Args:
+        pipeline (Pipeline): The pipeline object containing the model.
+        dataset (Dataset): The dataset to evaluate.
+        eval_steps (int): The number of evaluation steps to perform.
+        metrics (tm.MetricCollection): A collection of evaluation metrics.
+        eval_batch_size (int): Batch size for evaluation.
+        logger (Optional[Logger]): A logger for recording evaluation progress (default: None).
+
+    Returns:
+        dict: A dictionary containing the computed evaluation metrics.
+    """
+
   dataset = get_new_iterator(dataset)
   step_fn = _get_step_fn(pipeline, dataset, training=False)
   last_time = datetime.datetime.now()
@@ -109,15 +140,29 @@ def train(
   parameters_to_log: Optional[Dict[str, Callable]] = None,
   tables_to_log: Optional[List[str]] = None,
 ) -> None:
-  """Runs training and eval on the given TrainPipeline
-
-  Args:
-    dataset: data iterator for the training set
-    evaluation_iterators: data iterators for the different evaluation sets
-    scheduler: optional learning rate scheduler
-    output_transform_for_metrics: optional transformation functions to transorm the model
-                                  output and labels into a format the metrics can understand
   """
+    Runs training and evaluation on the given TrainPipeline.
+
+    Args:
+        model (torch.nn.Module): The neural network model to train.
+        optimizer (torch.optim.Optimizer): The optimizer for model optimization.
+        device (str): The target device for model training (e.g., 'cuda' or 'cpu').
+        save_dir (str): The directory to save model checkpoints and logs.
+        logging_interval (int): Interval for logging training progress.
+        train_steps (int): The number of training steps to perform.
+        checkpoint_frequency (int): Frequency of saving model checkpoints.
+        dataset (Iterable): Data iterator for the training set.
+        worker_batch_size (int): Batch size for data loading workers.
+        num_workers (Optional[int]): Number of data loading workers (default: 0).
+        enable_amp (bool): Flag to enable Automatic Mixed Precision (AMP) training (default: False).
+        initial_checkpoint_dir (Optional[str]): Directory to initialize training from (default: None).
+        gradient_accumulation (Optional[int]): Number of gradient accumulation steps (default: None).
+        logger_initializer (Optional[Callable]): A logger initializer function (default: None).
+        scheduler (_LRScheduler): Optional learning rate scheduler (default: None).
+        metrics (Optional[tm.MetricCollection]): A collection of evaluation metrics (default: None).
+        parameters_to_log (Optional[Dict[str, Callable]]): Dictionary of parameters to log (default: None).
+        tables_to_log (Optional[List[str]]): List of tables to log (default: None).
+    """
 
   train_pipeline = TrainPipelineSparseDist(
     model=model,
@@ -262,6 +307,15 @@ def log_eval_results(
   partition_name: str,
   step: int,
 ):
+  """
+    Logs evaluation results and optionally records them using a provided logger.
+
+    Args:
+        results (Any): The evaluation results to log.
+        eval_logger (Callable): A logger for recording evaluation results.
+        partition_name (str): The name of the evaluation partition.
+        step (int): The current step in the evaluation.
+    """
   results = tree.map_structure(lambda elem: torch.as_tensor(elem).cpu(), results)
   logging.info(f"Step: {step}, evaluation ({partition_name}).")
   for metric_name, metric_value in results.items():
@@ -285,6 +339,23 @@ def only_evaluate(
   partition_name: str,
   metrics: Optional[tm.MetricCollection] = None,
 ):
+  """
+    Performs evaluation on a given dataset partition.
+
+    Args:
+        model (torch.nn.Module): The neural network model for evaluation.
+        optimizer (torch.optim.Optimizer): The optimizer used during evaluation.
+        device (str): The target device for evaluation (e.g., 'cuda' or 'cpu').
+        save_dir (str): The directory containing model checkpoints.
+        num_train_steps (int): The total number of training steps.
+        dataset (Iterable): Data iterator for evaluation.
+        eval_batch_size (int): Batch size for evaluation.
+        num_eval_steps (int): The number of evaluation steps to perform.
+        eval_timeout_in_s (int): Timeout for evaluating checkpoints in seconds.
+        eval_logger (Callable): A logger for recording evaluation results.
+        partition_name (str): The name of the evaluation partition.
+        metrics (Optional[tm.MetricCollection]): A collection of evaluation metrics (default: None).
+    """
   logging.info(f"Evaluating on partition {partition_name}.")
   logging.info("Computing metrics:")
   logging.info(metrics)

core/debug_training_loop.py

@@ -28,6 +28,18 @@ def train(
   *args,
   **kwargs,
 ) -> None:
+  """
+    Debugging training loop. Do not use for actual model training.
+
+    Args:
+        model (torch.nn.Module): The neural network model.
+        optimizer (torch.optim.Optimizer): The optimizer for model optimization.
+        train_steps (int): The number of training steps to perform.
+        dataset (Iterable): Data iterator for training data.
+        scheduler (_LRScheduler, optional): Learning rate scheduler (default: None).
+        *args: Additional arguments (ignored).
+        **kwargs: Additional keyword arguments (ignored).
+    """
 
   logging.warning("Running debug training loop, don't use for model training.")
 

core/losses.py

@@ -10,8 +10,11 @@ import torch
 
 def _maybe_warn(reduction: str):
   """
-  Warning for reduction different than mean.
+    Emit a warning if the reduction method is different from 'mean'.
-  """
+
+    Args:
+        reduction (str): The reduction method being used.
+    """
   if reduction != "mean":
     logging.warn(
       f"For the same global_batch_size, the gradient in DDP is guaranteed to be equal,"
@@ -24,6 +27,16 @@ def build_loss(
   loss_type: LossType,
   reduction="mean",
 ):
+  """
+    Build a loss function based on the specified loss type and reduction method.
+
+    Args:
+        loss_type (LossType): The type of loss to build.
+        reduction (str): The reduction method for the loss (default: 'mean').
+
+    Returns:
+        Callable: A loss function that takes logits and labels as input.
+    """
   _maybe_warn(reduction)
   f = _LOSS_TYPE_TO_FUNCTION[loss_type]
 
@@ -35,11 +48,15 @@ def build_loss(
 
 def get_global_loss_detached(local_loss, reduction="mean"):
   """
-  Perform all_reduce to obtain the global loss function using the provided reduction.
+    Perform all_reduce to obtain the global loss function using the provided reduction.
-  :param local_loss: The local loss of the current rank.
+
-  :param reduction: The reduction to use for all_reduce. Should match the reduction used by DDP.
+    Args:
-  :return: The reduced & detached global loss.
+        local_loss (torch.Tensor): The local loss of the current rank.
-  """
+        reduction (str): The reduction to use for all_reduce. Should match the reduction used by DDP.
+
+    Returns:
+        torch.Tensor: The reduced and detached global loss.
+    """
   if reduction != "mean":
     logging.warn(
       f"The reduction used in this function should be the same as the one used by "
@@ -66,6 +83,19 @@ def build_multi_task_loss(
   global_reduction="mean",
   pos_weights=None,
 ):
+  """
+    Build a multi-task loss function based on the specified loss type and configurations.
+
+    Args:
+        loss_type (LossType): The type of loss to build.
+        tasks (typing.List[str]): List of task names.
+        task_loss_reduction (str): Reduction method for task-specific losses (default: 'mean').
+        global_reduction (str): Reduction method for the global loss (default: 'mean').
+        pos_weights (Optional): Positive class weights for tasks (default: None).
+
+    Returns:
+        Callable: A multi-task loss function that takes logits, labels, and weights as input.
+    """ 
   _maybe_warn(global_reduction)
   _maybe_warn(task_loss_reduction)
   f = _LOSS_TYPE_TO_FUNCTION[loss_type]

core/metric_mixin.py

@@ -36,9 +36,24 @@ import torchmetrics
 class MetricMixin:
   @abstractmethod
   def transform(self, outputs: Dict[str, torch.Tensor]) -> Dict:
+    """
+        Abstract method to transform model outputs into a dictionary of metrics.
+
+        Args:
+            outputs (Dict[str, torch.Tensor]): Model outputs.
+
+        Returns:
+            Dict: A dictionary of computed metrics.
+        """
     ...
 
   def update(self, outputs: Dict[str, torch.Tensor]):
+    """
+        Update the metrics based on model outputs.
+
+        Args:
+            outputs (Dict[str, torch.Tensor]): Model outputs.
+        """
     results = self.transform(outputs)
     # Do not try to update if any tensor is empty as a result of stratification.
     for value in results.values():
@@ -49,6 +64,13 @@ class MetricMixin:
 
 class TaskMixin:
   def __init__(self, task_idx: int = -1, **kwargs):
+    """
+        Initialize a TaskMixin instance.
+
+        Args:
+            task_idx (int): Index of the task associated with this mixin (default: -1).
+            **kwargs: Additional keyword arguments.
+        """
     super().__init__(**kwargs)
     self._task_idx = task_idx
 
@@ -59,13 +81,31 @@ class StratifyMixin:
     stratifier=None,
     **kwargs,
   ):
+    """
+        Initialize a StratifyMixin instance.
+
+        Args:
+            stratifier: A stratifier for filtering outputs (default: None).
+            **kwargs: Additional keyword arguments.
+        """
     super().__init__(**kwargs)
     self._stratifier = stratifier
 
   def maybe_apply_stratification(
     self, outputs: Dict[str, torch.Tensor], value_names: List[str]
   ) -> Dict[str, torch.Tensor]:
-    """Pick out examples with values for which the stratifier feature is equal to a specific stratifier indicator value."""
+    """
+        Apply stratification to filter examples in the outputs.
+
+        Pick out examples with values for which the stratifier feature is equal to a specific stratifier indicator value.
+
+        Args:
+            outputs (Dict[str, torch.Tensor]): Model outputs.
+            value_names (List[str]): Names of values to filter.
+
+        Returns:
+            Dict[str, torch.Tensor]: Filtered outputs.
+        """
     outputs = outputs.copy()
     if not self._stratifier:
       return outputs
@@ -84,12 +124,20 @@ class StratifyMixin:
 
 
 def prepend_transform(base_metric: torchmetrics.Metric, transform: Callable):
-  """Returns new class using MetricMixin and given base_metric.
-
-  Functionally the same using inheritance, just saves some lines of code
-  if no need for class attributes.
-
   """
+    Returns a new class using MetricMixin and the given base_metric.
+
+    Functionally the same as using inheritance, but it saves some lines of code
+    if there's no need for class attributes.
+
+    Args:
+        base_metric (torchmetrics.Metric): The base metric class to prepend the transform to.
+        transform (Callable): The transformation function to prepend to the metric.
+
+    Returns:
+        Type: A new class that includes MetricMixin and the provided base_metric
+        with the specified transformation method.
+    """
 
   def transform_method(_self, *args, **kwargs):
     return transform(*args, **kwargs)

core/metrics.py

@@ -15,6 +15,16 @@ def probs_and_labels(
   outputs: Dict[str, torch.Tensor],
   task_idx: int,
 ) -> Dict[str, torch.Tensor]:
+  """
+    Extract probabilities and labels from model outputs.
+
+    Args:
+        outputs (Dict[str, torch.Tensor]): Model outputs.
+        task_idx (int): Index of the task.
+
+    Returns:
+        Dict[str, torch.Tensor]: Dictionary containing 'preds' and 'target' tensors.
+    """
   preds = outputs["probabilities"]
   target = outputs["labels"]
   if task_idx >= 0:
@@ -28,6 +38,11 @@ def probs_and_labels(
 
 class Count(StratifyMixin, TaskMixin, MetricMixin, tm.SumMetric):
   def transform(self, outputs):
+    """
+    Count metric class that inherits from StratifyMixin, TaskMixin, MetricMixin, and SumMetric.
+
+    This metric counts values after potential stratification and task selection.
+    """
     outputs = self.maybe_apply_stratification(outputs, ["labels"])
     value = outputs["labels"]
     if self._task_idx >= 0:
@@ -36,6 +51,12 @@ class Count(StratifyMixin, TaskMixin, MetricMixin, tm.SumMetric):
 
 
 class Ctr(StratifyMixin, TaskMixin, MetricMixin, tm.MeanMetric):
+  """
+    Ctr (Click-Through Rate) metric class that inherits from StratifyMixin, TaskMixin, MetricMixin, and MeanMetric.
+
+    This metric calculates the mean metric value after potential stratification and task selection.
+    """
+
   def transform(self, outputs):
     outputs = self.maybe_apply_stratification(outputs, ["labels"])
     value = outputs["labels"]
@@ -45,6 +66,11 @@ class Ctr(StratifyMixin, TaskMixin, MetricMixin, tm.MeanMetric):
 
 
 class Pctr(StratifyMixin, TaskMixin, MetricMixin, tm.MeanMetric):
+  """
+    Pctr (Predicted Click-Through Rate) metric class that inherits from StratifyMixin, TaskMixin, MetricMixin, and MeanMetric.
+
+    This metric calculates the mean metric value using probabilities after potential stratification and task selection.
+    """
   def transform(self, outputs):
     outputs = self.maybe_apply_stratification(outputs, ["probabilities"])
     value = outputs["probabilities"]
@@ -54,12 +80,22 @@ class Pctr(StratifyMixin, TaskMixin, MetricMixin, tm.MeanMetric):
 
 
 class Precision(StratifyMixin, TaskMixin, MetricMixin, tm.Precision):
+  """
+    Precision metric class that inherits from StratifyMixin, TaskMixin, MetricMixin, and Precision.
+
+    This metric computes precision after potential stratification and task selection.
+    """
   def transform(self, outputs):
     outputs = self.maybe_apply_stratification(outputs, ["probabilities", "labels"])
     return probs_and_labels(outputs, self._task_idx)
 
 
 class Recall(StratifyMixin, TaskMixin, MetricMixin, tm.Recall):
+  """
+    Recall metric class that inherits from StratifyMixin, TaskMixin, MetricMixin, and Recall.
+
+    This metric computes recall after potential stratification and task selection.
+    """
   def transform(self, outputs):
     outputs = self.maybe_apply_stratification(outputs, ["probabilities", "labels"])
     return probs_and_labels(outputs, self._task_idx)
@@ -73,6 +109,14 @@ class TorchMetricsRocauc(StratifyMixin, TaskMixin, MetricMixin, tm.AUROC):
 
 class Auc(StratifyMixin, TaskMixin, MetricMixin, tm.MeanMetric):
   """
+    AUC (Area Under the ROC Curve) metric class.
+
+    This metric computes the AUC metric based on the logits and labels in the model outputs.
+
+    Args:
+        num_samples (int): The number of samples used to compute AUC.
+        **kwargs: Additional keyword arguments.
+    
   Based on:
   https://github.com/facebookresearch/PyTorch-BigGraph/blob/a11ff0eb644b7e4cb569067c280112b47f40ef62/torchbiggraph/util.py#L420
   """
@@ -94,8 +138,14 @@ class Auc(StratifyMixin, TaskMixin, MetricMixin, tm.MeanMetric):
 
 class PosRanks(StratifyMixin, TaskMixin, MetricMixin, tm.MeanMetric):
   """
-  The ranks of all positives
+    PosRanks metric class.
-  Based on:
+
+    This metric computes the ranks of all positive examples based on the logits and labels
+    in the model outputs.
+
+    Args:
+        **kwargs: Additional keyword arguments.
+
   https://github.com/facebookresearch/PyTorch-BigGraph/blob/a11ff0eb644b7e4cb569067c280112b47f40ef62/torchbiggraph/eval.py#L73
   """
 
@@ -112,8 +162,13 @@ class PosRanks(StratifyMixin, TaskMixin, MetricMixin, tm.MeanMetric):
 
 class ReciprocalRank(StratifyMixin, TaskMixin, MetricMixin, tm.MeanMetric):
   """
-  The reciprocal of the ranks of all
+    ReciprocalRank metric class.
-  Based on:
+
+    This metric computes the reciprocal of the ranks of all positive examples based on the logits and labels
+    in the model outputs.
+
+    Args:
+        **kwargs: Additional keyword arguments.
   https://github.com/facebookresearch/PyTorch-BigGraph/blob/a11ff0eb644b7e4cb569067c280112b47f40ef62/torchbiggraph/eval.py#L74
   """
 
@@ -130,9 +185,14 @@ class ReciprocalRank(StratifyMixin, TaskMixin, MetricMixin, tm.MeanMetric):
 
 class HitAtK(StratifyMixin, TaskMixin, MetricMixin, tm.MeanMetric):
   """
-  The fraction of positives that rank in the top K among their negatives
+    HitAtK metric class.
-  Note that this is basically precision@k
+
-  Based on:
+    This metric computes the fraction of positive examples that rank in the top K among their negatives,
+    which is equivalent to precision@K.
+
+    Args:
+        k (int): The value of K.
+        **kwargs: Additional keyword arguments.
   https://github.com/facebookresearch/PyTorch-BigGraph/blob/a11ff0eb644b7e4cb569067c280112b47f40ef62/torchbiggraph/eval.py#L75
   """
 

core/test_metrics.py

@@ -9,12 +9,26 @@ from torchmetrics import MaxMetric, MetricCollection, SumMetric
 
 @dataclass
 class MockStratifierConfig:
+  """
+    Configuration dataclass for mocking a stratifier.
+
+    Args:
+        name (str): The name of the stratifier.
+        index (int): The index of the stratifier.
+        value (int): The value of the stratifier.
+    """
   name: str
   index: int
   value: int
 
 
 class Count(MetricMixin, SumMetric):
+  """
+    Count metric class that inherits from MetricMixin and SumMetric.
+
+    This metric counts occurrences.
+
+    """
   def transform(self, outputs):
     return {"value": 1}
 
@@ -23,6 +37,12 @@ Max = prepend_transform(MaxMetric, lambda outputs: {"value": outputs["value"]})
 
 
 def test_count_metric():
+  """
+    Test function for the Count metric.
+
+    It checks if the Count metric correctly counts the number of examples.
+
+    """
   num_examples = 123
   examples = [
     {"stuff": 0},
@@ -36,6 +56,12 @@ def test_count_metric():
 
 
 def test_collections():
+  """
+    Test function for metric collections.
+
+    It tests if metric collections correctly aggregate metrics.
+
+    """
   max_metric = Max()
   count_metric = Count()
   metric = MetricCollection([max_metric, count_metric])
@@ -51,6 +77,12 @@ def test_collections():
 
 
 def test_task_dependent_ctr():
+  """
+    Test function for task-dependent Ctr (Click-Through Rate) metric.
+
+    It checks if the Ctr metric computes the correct value for different tasks.
+
+    """
   num_examples = 144
   batch_size = 1024
   outputs = [
@@ -69,6 +101,13 @@ def test_task_dependent_ctr():
 
 
 def test_stratified_ctr():
+  """
+    Test function for the Stratified Ctr (Click-Through Rate) metric.
+
+    It checks if the Stratified Ctr metric computes the correct value for different tasks
+    and stratified samples.
+
+    """
   outputs = [
     {
       "stuff": 0,
@@ -114,6 +153,12 @@ def test_stratified_ctr():
 
 
 def test_auc():
+  """
+    Test function for the AUC (Area Under the Curve) metric.
+
+    It checks if the AUC metric correctly computes the Area Under the ROC Curve.
+
+    """
   num_samples = 10000
   metric = core_metrics.Auc(num_samples)
   target = torch.tensor([0, 0, 1, 1, 1])
@@ -131,6 +176,12 @@ def test_auc():
 
 
 def test_pos_rank():
+  """
+    Test function for the PosRanks metric.
+
+    It checks if the PosRanks metric correctly computes the ranks of positive samples.
+
+    """
   metric = core_metrics.PosRanks()
   target = torch.tensor([0, 0, 1, 1, 1])
   preds_correct = torch.tensor([-1.0, -1.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5])
@@ -147,6 +198,12 @@ def test_pos_rank():
 
 
 def test_reciprocal_rank():
+  """
+    Test function for the Reciprocal Rank metric.
+
+    It checks if the Reciprocal Rank metric correctly computes the reciprocal of ranks.
+
+    """
   metric = core_metrics.ReciprocalRank()
   target = torch.tensor([0, 0, 1, 1, 1])
   preds_correct = torch.tensor([-1.0, -1.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5])
@@ -163,6 +220,12 @@ def test_reciprocal_rank():
 
 
 def test_hit_k():
+  """
+    Test function for the Hit@K metric.
+
+    It checks if the Hit@K metric correctly computes the fraction of positives that rank in the top K among their negatives.
+
+    """
   hit1_metric = core_metrics.HitAtK(1)
   target = torch.tensor([0, 0, 1, 1, 1])
   preds_correct = torch.tensor([-1.0, 1.0, 0.5, -0.1, 1.5])

core/test_train_pipeline.py

@@ -11,23 +11,60 @@ from torchrec.distributed import DistributedModelParallel
 
 @dataclass
 class MockDataclassBatch(DataclassBatch):
+  """
+    Mock data class batch for testing purposes.
+
+    This class represents a batch of data with continuous features and labels.
+
+    Attributes:
+        continuous_features (torch.Tensor): Tensor containing continuous feature data.
+        labels (torch.Tensor): Tensor containing label data.
+    """
   continuous_features: torch.Tensor
   labels: torch.Tensor
 
 
 class MockModule(torch.nn.Module):
+  """
+    Mock PyTorch module for testing purposes.
+
+    This module defines a simple neural network model with a linear layer
+    followed by a BCEWithLogitsLoss loss function.
+
+    Attributes:
+        model (torch.nn.Linear): The linear model layer.
+        loss_fn (torch.nn.BCEWithLogitsLoss): Binary cross-entropy loss function.
+    """
   def __init__(self) -> None:
     super().__init__()
     self.model = torch.nn.Linear(10, 1)
     self.loss_fn = torch.nn.BCEWithLogitsLoss()
 
   def forward(self, batch: MockDataclassBatch) -> Tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
+    """
+        Forward pass of the mock module.
+
+        Args:
+            batch (MockDataclassBatch): Input data batch with continuous features and labels.
+
+        Returns:
+            Tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]: A tuple containing the loss and predictions.
+        """
     pred = self.model(batch.continuous_features)
     loss = self.loss_fn(pred, batch.labels)
     return (loss, pred)
 
 
 def create_batch(bsz: int):
+  """
+    Create a mock data batch with random continuous features and labels.
+
+    Args:
+        bsz (int): Batch size.
+
+    Returns:
+        MockDataclassBatch: A batch of data with continuous features and labels.
+    """
   return MockDataclassBatch(
     continuous_features=torch.rand(bsz, 10).float(),
     labels=torch.bernoulli(torch.empty(bsz, 1).uniform_(0, 1)).float(),
@@ -35,6 +72,13 @@ def create_batch(bsz: int):
 
 
 def test_sparse_pipeline():
+  """
+    Test function for the sparse pipeline with distributed model parallelism.
+
+    This function tests the behavior of the sparse training pipeline using
+    a mock module and data.
+    """
+
   device = torch.device("cpu")
   model = MockModule().to(device)
 
@@ -65,6 +109,15 @@ def test_sparse_pipeline():
 
 
 def test_amp():
+  """
+    Test automatic mixed-precision (AMP) training with the sparse pipeline.
+
+    This function tests the behavior of the sparse training pipeline with
+    automatic mixed-precision (AMP) enabled, using a mock module and data.
+
+    AMP allows for faster training by using lower-precision data types, such as
+    torch.bfloat16, while maintaining model accuracy.
+  """
   device = torch.device("cpu")
   model = MockModule().to(device)
 

core/train_pipeline.py

@@ -39,12 +39,42 @@ Out = TypeVar("Out")
 
 
 class TrainPipeline(abc.ABC, Generic[In, Out]):
+  """
+    Abstract base class for training pipelines.
+
+    Attributes:
+        In (TypeVar): Input data type.
+        Out (TypeVar): Output data type.
+
+    Methods:
+        progress(dataloader_iter: Iterator[In]) -> Out: Abstract method to make progress in the training pipeline.
+    """
   @abc.abstractmethod
   def progress(self, dataloader_iter: Iterator[In]) -> Out:
+    """
+        Make progress in the training pipeline.
+
+        Args:
+            dataloader_iter (Iterator[In]): An iterator over input data.
+
+        Returns:
+            Out: The output data.
+        """
     pass
 
 
 def _to_device(batch: In, device: torch.device, non_blocking: bool) -> In:
+  """
+    Move a batch of data to a specified device.
+
+    Args:
+        batch (In): The input batch.
+        device (torch.device): The target device.
+        non_blocking (bool): If True, move the data asynchronously.
+
+    Returns:
+        In: The batch of data on the target device.
+    """
   assert isinstance(
     batch, (torch.Tensor, Pipelineable)
   ), f"{type(batch)} must implement Pipelineable interface"
@@ -52,6 +82,16 @@ def _to_device(batch: In, device: torch.device, non_blocking: bool) -> In:
 
 
 def _wait_for_batch(batch: In, stream: Optional[torch.cuda.streams.Stream]) -> None:
+  """
+    Wait for a batch of data on a specified stream.
+
+    Args:
+        batch (In): The input batch.
+        stream (Optional[Stream]): The CUDA stream to wait for.
+
+    Note:
+        This function is used for managing asynchronous CUDA operations.
+    """
   if stream is None:
     return
   torch.cuda.current_stream().wait_stream(stream)
@@ -72,11 +112,26 @@ def _wait_for_batch(batch: In, stream: Optional[torch.cuda.streams.Stream]) -> N
 
 class TrainPipelineBase(TrainPipeline[In, Out]):
   """
-  This class runs training iterations using a pipeline of two stages, each as a CUDA
+    This class runs training iterations using a pipeline of two stages, each as a CUDA
-  stream, namely, the current (default) stream and `self._memcpy_stream`. For each
+    stream, namely, the current (default) stream and `self._memcpy_stream`. For each
-  iteration, `self._memcpy_stream` moves the input from host (CPU) memory to GPU
+    iteration, `self._memcpy_stream` moves the input from host (CPU) memory to GPU
-  memory, and the default stream runs forward, backward, and optimization.
+    memory, and the default stream runs forward, backward, and optimization.
-  """
+
+    Attributes:
+        In (TypeVar): Input data type.
+        Out (TypeVar): Output data type.
+
+    Methods:
+        __init__(model: torch.nn.Module, optimizer: torch.optim.Optimizer, device: torch.device) -> None:
+            Initialize the TrainPipelineBase.
+
+        _connect(dataloader_iter: Iterator[In]) -> None:
+            Establish a connection to the data loader and move the input data to the GPU.
+
+        progress(dataloader_iter: Iterator[In]) -> Out:
+            Execute a training iteration, including forward and backward passes.
+
+    """
 
   def __init__(
     self,
@@ -84,6 +139,14 @@ class TrainPipelineBase(TrainPipeline[In, Out]):
     optimizer: torch.optim.Optimizer,
     device: torch.device,
   ) -> None:
+    """
+        Initialize the TrainPipelineBase.
+
+        Args:
+            model (torch.nn.Module): The PyTorch model to be trained.
+            optimizer (torch.optim.Optimizer): The optimizer used for training.
+            device (torch.device): The target device for training (CPU or GPU).
+        """
     self._model = model
     self._optimizer = optimizer
     self._device = device
@@ -94,6 +157,12 @@ class TrainPipelineBase(TrainPipeline[In, Out]):
     self._connected = False
 
   def _connect(self, dataloader_iter: Iterator[In]) -> None:
+    """
+        Establish a connection to the data loader and move the input data to the GPU.
+
+        Args:
+            dataloader_iter (Iterator[In]): An iterator over input data.
+        """
     cur_batch = next(dataloader_iter)
     self._cur_batch = cur_batch
     with torch.cuda.stream(self._memcpy_stream):
@@ -101,6 +170,15 @@ class TrainPipelineBase(TrainPipeline[In, Out]):
     self._connected = True
 
   def progress(self, dataloader_iter: Iterator[In]) -> Out:
+    """
+        Execute a training iteration, including forward and backward passes.
+
+        Args:
+            dataloader_iter (Iterator[In]): An iterator over input data.
+
+        Returns:
+            Out: The output data.
+        """
     if not self._connected:
       self._connect(dataloader_iter)
 
@@ -139,6 +217,16 @@ class TrainPipelineBase(TrainPipeline[In, Out]):
 
 
 class Tracer(torch.fx.Tracer):
+  """
+    Custom tracer class for PyTorch models.
+
+    This tracer is used to trace PyTorch models while also considering specific leaf modules and buffer proxying settings.
+
+    Attributes:
+        proxy_buffer_attributes (bool): Flag to enable/disable proxying buffers during tracing.
+        _leaf_modules (List[str]): List of qualified names of leaf modules.
+    """
+
   # Disable proxying buffers during tracing. Ideally, proxying buffers would
   # be disabled, but some models are currently mutating buffer values, which
   # causes errors during tracing. If those models can be rewritten to not do
@@ -146,10 +234,26 @@ class Tracer(torch.fx.Tracer):
   proxy_buffer_attributes = False
 
   def __init__(self, leaf_modules: Optional[List[str]] = None) -> None:
+    """
+        Initialize the Tracer.
+
+        Args:
+            leaf_modules (Optional[List[str]]): List of qualified names of leaf modules to consider as leaf nodes during tracing.
+        """
     super().__init__()
     self._leaf_modules: List[str] = leaf_modules if leaf_modules is not None else []
 
   def is_leaf_module(self, m: torch.nn.Module, module_qualified_name: str) -> bool:
+    """
+        Check if a module is a leaf module during tracing.
+
+        Args:
+            m (torch.nn.Module): The PyTorch module.
+            module_qualified_name (str): The qualified name of the module.
+
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if the module is considered a leaf module, False otherwise.
+        """
     if isinstance(m, ShardedModule) or module_qualified_name in self._leaf_modules:
       return True
     return super().is_leaf_module(m, module_qualified_name)
@@ -157,6 +261,15 @@ class Tracer(torch.fx.Tracer):
 
 @dataclass
 class TrainPipelineContext:
+  """
+    Dataclass to store information related to the training pipeline context.
+
+    Attributes:
+        input_dist_requests (Dict[str, Awaitable[Any]]): A dictionary of input distribution requests.
+        module_contexts (Dict[str, Multistreamable]): A dictionary of module contexts.
+        feature_processor_forwards (List[Any]): A list of feature processor forwards.
+    """
+
   # pyre-ignore [4]
   input_dist_requests: Dict[str, Awaitable[Any]] = field(default_factory=dict)
   module_contexts: Dict[str, Multistreamable] = field(default_factory=dict)
@@ -166,6 +279,14 @@ class TrainPipelineContext:
 
 @dataclass
 class ArgInfo:
+  """
+    Dataclass to store information about arguments in the training pipeline.
+
+    Attributes:
+        input_attrs (List[str]): List of attribute names of the input batch.
+        is_getitems (List[bool]): List of boolean values indicating whether the argument is accessed using getitem.
+        name (Optional[str]): Name for the keyword argument in the pipelined forward() call or None for positional arguments.
+    """
   # attributes of input batch, e.g. batch.attr1.attr2 call
   # will produce ["attr1", "attr2"]
   input_attrs: List[str]
@@ -177,6 +298,16 @@ class ArgInfo:
 
 
 class PipelinedForward:
+  """
+    Represents a pipelined forward pass operation.
+
+    Attributes:
+        name (str): The name of the forward pass.
+        args (List[ArgInfo]): List of argument information for the forward pass.
+        module (ShardedModule): The sharded module associated with the forward pass.
+        context (TrainPipelineContext): The training pipeline context.
+        dist_stream (Optional[torch.cuda.streams.Stream]): CUDA stream for distributed processing.
+    """
   def __init__(
     self,
     name: str,
@@ -185,6 +316,16 @@ class PipelinedForward:
     context: TrainPipelineContext,
     dist_stream: Optional[torch.cuda.streams.Stream],
   ) -> None:
+    """
+        Initialize a PipelinedForward instance.
+
+        Args:
+            name (str): The name of the forward pass.
+            args (List[ArgInfo]): List of argument information for the forward pass.
+            module (ShardedModule): The sharded module associated with the forward pass.
+            context (TrainPipelineContext): The training pipeline context.
+            dist_stream (Optional[torch.cuda.streams.Stream]): CUDA stream for distributed processing.
+        """
     self._name = name
     self._args = args
     self._module = module
@@ -193,6 +334,16 @@ class PipelinedForward:
 
   # pyre-ignore [2, 24]
   def __call__(self, *input, **kwargs) -> Awaitable:
+    """
+        Perform the pipelined forward pass operation.
+
+        Args:
+            *input: Variable-length positional arguments.
+            **kwargs: Variable-length keyword arguments.
+
+        Returns:
+            Awaitable: An awaitable object representing the forward pass result.
+        """
     assert self._name in self._context.input_dist_requests
     request = self._context.input_dist_requests[self._name]
     assert isinstance(request, Awaitable)
@@ -230,10 +381,22 @@ class PipelinedForward:
 
   @property
   def name(self) -> str:
+    """
+        Get the name of the forward pass.
+
+        Returns:
+            str: The name of the forward pass.
+        """
     return self._name
 
   @property
   def args(self) -> List[ArgInfo]:
+    """
+        Get the list of argument information for the forward pass.
+
+        Returns:
+            List[ArgInfo]: List of argument information.
+        """
     return self._args
 
 
@@ -242,6 +405,17 @@ def _start_data_dist(
   batch: In,
   context: TrainPipelineContext,
 ) -> None:
+  """
+    Start data distribution for a list of pipelined modules.
+
+    Args:
+        pipelined_modules (List[ShardedModule]): List of ShardedModule instances representing pipelined modules.
+        batch (In): The input batch.
+        context (TrainPipelineContext): The training pipeline context.
+
+    Returns:
+        None: This function doesn't return a value.
+    """
   context.input_dist_requests.clear()
   context.module_contexts.clear()
   for module in pipelined_modules:
@@ -286,9 +460,17 @@ def _get_node_args_helper(
   feature_processor_arguments: Optional[List[Node]] = None,
 ) -> Tuple[List[ArgInfo], int]:
   """
-  Goes through the args/kwargs of a node and arranges them into a list of `ArgInfo`s.
+    Goes through the args/kwargs of a node and arranges them into a list of `ArgInfo`s.
-  It also counts the number of (args + kwargs) found.
+    It also counts the number of (args + kwargs) found.
-  """
+
+    Args:
+        arguments: The arguments to process.
+        num_found: The current count of arguments found.
+        feature_processor_arguments: Optional list of feature processor arguments.
+
+    Returns:
+        Tuple[List[ArgInfo], int]: A tuple containing a list of `ArgInfo` objects and the updated count of arguments found.
+    """
 
   arg_info_list = [ArgInfo([], [], None) for _ in range(len(arguments))]
   for arg, arg_info in zip(arguments, arg_info_list):
@@ -332,6 +514,16 @@ def _get_node_args_helper(
 def _get_node_args(
   node: Node, feature_processor_nodes: Optional[List[Node]] = None
 ) -> Tuple[List[ArgInfo], int]:
+  """
+    Get argument information for a given node.
+
+    Args:
+        node (Node): The node to process.
+        feature_processor_nodes (Optional[List[Node]]): Optional list of feature processor nodes.
+
+    Returns:
+        Tuple[List[ArgInfo], int]: A tuple containing a list of `ArgInfo` objects and the number of arguments found.
+    """
   num_found = 0
   pos_arg_info_list, num_found = _get_node_args_helper(
     node.args, num_found, feature_processor_nodes
@@ -351,6 +543,17 @@ def _get_unsharded_module_names_helper(
   path: str,
   unsharded_module_names: Set[str],
 ) -> bool:
+  """
+    Get the names of unsharded modules in a model.
+
+    Args:
+        model (torch.nn.Module): The model to analyze.
+        path (str): The current path in the model hierarchy.
+        unsharded_module_names (Set[str]): A set to store the names of unsharded modules.
+
+    Returns:
+        bool: True if any sharded modules were found in the hierarchy, False otherwise.
+    """
   sharded_children = set()
   for name, child in model.named_children():
     curr_path = path + name
@@ -375,8 +578,14 @@ def _get_unsharded_module_names_helper(
 
 def _get_unsharded_module_names(model: torch.nn.Module) -> List[str]:
   """
-  Returns a list of top level modules do not contain any sharded sub modules.
+    Returns a list of top-level modules that do not contain any sharded sub-modules.
-  """
+
+    Args:
+        model (torch.nn.Module): The model to analyze.
+
+    Returns:
+        List[str]: A list of top-level module names without sharded sub-modules.
+    """
 
   unsharded_module_names: Set[str] = set()
   _get_unsharded_module_names_helper(
@@ -392,6 +601,21 @@ def _rewrite_model(  # noqa C901
   context: TrainPipelineContext,
   dist_stream: Optional[torch.cuda.streams.Stream],
 ) -> List[ShardedModule]:
+  """
+    Rewrites the model to enable pipelined execution for selected sharded modules.
+
+    This function traces the input model using a custom tracer and identifies sharded modules
+    that can be pipelined. It then creates PipelinedForward objects for these modules,
+    which enable pipelining during training.
+
+    Args:
+        model (torch.nn.Module): The input model to be rewritten.
+        context (TrainPipelineContext): The context containing information needed for pipelining.
+        dist_stream (Optional[torch.cuda.streams.Stream]): The CUDA stream for data distribution.
+
+    Returns:
+        List[ShardedModule]: A list of sharded modules that have been rewritten for pipelined execution.
+    """
 
   # Get underlying nn.Module
   if isinstance(model, DistributedModelParallel):
@@ -442,20 +666,32 @@ def _rewrite_model(  # noqa C901
 class TrainPipelineSparseDist(TrainPipeline[In, Out]):
   """
   This pipeline overlaps device transfer, and `ShardedModule.input_dist()` with
-  forward and backward. This helps hide the all2all latency while preserving the
+    forward and backward. This helps hide the all2all latency while preserving the
-  training forward / backward ordering.
+    training forward / backward ordering.
 
-  stage 3: forward, backward - uses default CUDA stream
+    stage 3: forward, backward - uses default CUDA stream
-  stage 2: ShardedModule.input_dist() - uses data_dist CUDA stream
+    stage 2: ShardedModule.input_dist() - uses data_dist CUDA stream
-  stage 1: device transfer - uses memcpy CUDA stream
+    stage 1: device transfer - uses memcpy CUDA stream
 
-  `ShardedModule.input_dist()` is only done for top-level modules in the call graph.
+    `ShardedModule.input_dist()` is only done for top-level modules in the call graph.
-  To be considered a top-level module, a module can only depend on 'getattr' calls on
+    To be considered a top-level module, a module can only depend on 'getattr' calls on
-  input.
+    input.
 
-  Input model must be symbolically traceable with the exception of `ShardedModule` and
+    Input model must be symbolically traceable with the exception of `ShardedModule` and
-  `DistributedDataParallel` modules.
+    `DistributedDataParallel` modules.
-  """
+
+    Args:
+        model (torch.nn.Module): The input model to be used for training.
+        optimizer (torch.optim.Optimizer): The optimizer for updating model parameters.
+        device (torch.device): The device where training will be performed.
+        enable_amp (bool, optional): Whether to enable automatic mixed precision (AMP). Defaults to False.
+        enable_grad_scaling (bool, optional): Whether to enable gradient scaling. Defaults to True.
+        grad_accum (int, optional): Number of gradient accumulation steps. Defaults to None.
+
+    Attributes:
+        synced_pipeline_id (Dict[int, int]): A dictionary to track synchronized pipelines.
+
+    """
 
   synced_pipeline_id: Dict[int, int] = {}
 
@@ -468,6 +704,17 @@ class TrainPipelineSparseDist(TrainPipeline[In, Out]):
     enable_grad_scaling: bool = True,
     grad_accum: Optional[int] = None,
   ) -> None:
+    """
+        Initializes the training pipeline.
+
+        Args:
+            model (torch.nn.Module): The input model to be used for training.
+            optimizer (torch.optim.Optimizer): The optimizer for updating model parameters.
+            device (torch.device): The device where training will be performed.
+            enable_amp (bool, optional): Whether to enable automatic mixed precision (AMP). Defaults to False.
+            enable_grad_scaling (bool, optional): Whether to enable gradient scaling. Defaults to True.
+            grad_accum (int, optional): Number of gradient accumulation steps. Defaults to None.
+        """
     self._model = model
     self._optimizer = optimizer
     self._device = device
@@ -504,6 +751,13 @@ class TrainPipelineSparseDist(TrainPipeline[In, Out]):
     self._grad_accum = grad_accum
 
   def _connect(self, dataloader_iter: Iterator[In]) -> None:
+    """
+        Connects the training pipeline to data and prepares for forward and backward passes.
+
+        Args:
+            dataloader_iter (Iterator[In]): An iterator providing input data batches.
+        """
+
     # batch 1
     with torch.cuda.stream(self._memcpy_stream):
       batch_i = next(dataloader_iter)
@@ -524,13 +778,20 @@ class TrainPipelineSparseDist(TrainPipeline[In, Out]):
 
   def progress(self, dataloader_iter: Iterator[In]) -> Out:
     """
-    NOTE: This method has been updated to perform gradient accumulation.
+        Progresses through the training pipeline, performing forward and backward passes.
-    If `_grad_accum` is set, then loss values are scaled by this amount and
-    optimizer update/reset is skipped for `_grad_accum` calls of `progress`
-    (congruent to training steps), and then update/reset on every `_grad_accum`th
-    step.
 
-    """
+        NOTE: This method has been updated to perform gradient accumulation.
+        If `_grad_accum` is set, then loss values are scaled by this amount and
+        optimizer update/reset is skipped for `_grad_accum` calls of `progress`
+        (congruent to training steps), and then update/reset on every `_grad_accum`th
+        step.
+
+        Args:
+            dataloader_iter (Iterator[In]): An iterator providing input data batches.
+
+        Returns:
+            Out: The output of the forward pass.
+        """
     should_step_optimizer = (
       self._grad_accum is not None
       and self._progress_calls > 0
@@ -617,9 +878,9 @@ class TrainPipelineSparseDist(TrainPipeline[In, Out]):
 
   def _sync_pipeline(self) -> None:
     """
-    Syncs `PipelinedForward` for sharded modules with context and dist stream of the
+        Syncs `PipelinedForward` for sharded modules with context and dist stream of the
-    current train pipeline. Used when switching between train pipelines for the same
+        current train pipeline. Used when switching between train pipelines for the same
-    model.
+        model.
     """
     for module in self._pipelined_modules:
       module.forward._context = self._context

machines/environment.py

@@ -9,100 +9,176 @@ FLIGHT_SERVER_PORT: int = 2222
 
 
 def on_kf():
-  return "SPEC_TYPE" in os.environ
+    """Check if the code is running on Kubernetes with Kubeflow (KF) environment.
+
+    Returns:
+        bool: True if running on KF, False otherwise.
+    """
+    return "SPEC_TYPE" in os.environ
 
 
 def has_readers():
-  if on_kf():
+    """Check if the current task has dataset workers.
-    machines_config_env = json.loads(os.environ["MACHINES_CONFIG"])
+
-    return machines_config_env["dataset_worker"] is not None
+    Returns:
-  return os.environ.get("HAS_READERS", "False") == "True"
+        bool: True if the task has dataset workers, False otherwise.
+    """
+    if on_kf():
+        machines_config_env = json.loads(os.environ["MACHINES_CONFIG"])
+        return machines_config_env.get("dataset_worker") is not None
+    return os.environ.get("HAS_READERS", "False") == "True"
 
 
 def get_task_type():
-  if on_kf():
+    """Get the type of the current task.
-    return os.environ["SPEC_TYPE"]
+
-  return os.environ["TASK_TYPE"]
+    Returns:
+        str: Task type, such as 'chief', 'datasetworker', or 'datasetdispatcher'.
+    """
+    if on_kf():
+        return os.environ["SPEC_TYPE"]
+    return os.environ["TASK_TYPE"]
 
 
 def is_chief() -> bool:
-  return get_task_type() == "chief"
+    """Check if the current task is the 'chief'.
+
+    Returns:
+        bool: True if the current task is the 'chief', False otherwise.
+    """
+    return get_task_type() == "chief"
 
 
 def is_reader() -> bool:
-  return get_task_type() == "datasetworker"
+    """Check if the current task is a 'datasetworker'.
+
+    Returns:
+        bool: True if the current task is a 'datasetworker', False otherwise.
+    """
+    return get_task_type() == "datasetworker"
 
 
 def is_dispatcher() -> bool:
-  return get_task_type() == "datasetdispatcher"
+    """Check if the current task is a 'datasetdispatcher'.
+
+    Returns:
+        bool: True if the current task is a 'datasetdispatcher', False otherwise.
+    """
+    return get_task_type() == "datasetdispatcher"
 
 
 def get_task_index():
-  if on_kf():
+    """Get the index of the current task.
-    pod_name = os.environ["MY_POD_NAME"]
+
-    return int(pod_name.split("-")[-1])
+    Returns:
-  else:
+        int: Task index.
-    raise NotImplementedError
+    Raises:
+        NotImplementedError: If not running on Kubernetes with Kubeflow (KF) environment.
+    """
+    if on_kf():
+        pod_name = os.environ["MY_POD_NAME"]
+        return int(pod_name.split("-")[-1])
+    else:
+        raise NotImplementedError
 
 
 def get_reader_port():
-  if on_kf():
+    """Get the port used by readers.
-    return KF_DDS_PORT
+
-  return SLURM_DDS_PORT
+    Returns:
+        int: Reader port.
+    """
+    if on_kf():
+        return KF_DDS_PORT
+    return SLURM_DDS_PORT
 
 
 def get_dds():
-  if not has_readers():
+    """Get the Distributed Data Service (DDS) address.
-    return None
+
-  dispatcher_address = get_dds_dispatcher_address()
+    Returns:
-  if dispatcher_address:
+        str: DDS address in the format 'grpc://host:port'.
-    return f"grpc://{dispatcher_address}"
+    Raises:
-  else:
+        ValueError: If the job does not have DDS.
-    raise ValueError("Job does not have DDS.")
+    """
+    if not has_readers():
+        return None
+    dispatcher_address = get_dds_dispatcher_address()
+    if dispatcher_address:
+        return f"grpc://{dispatcher_address}"
+    else:
+        raise ValueError("Job does not have DDS.")
 
 
 def get_dds_dispatcher_address():
-  if not has_readers():
+    """Get the DDS dispatcher address.
-    return None
+
-  if on_kf():
+    Returns:
-    job_name = os.environ["JOB_NAME"]
+        str: DDS dispatcher address in the format 'host:port'.
-    dds_host = f"{job_name}-datasetdispatcher-0"
+    """
-  else:
+    if not has_readers():
-    dds_host = os.environ["SLURM_JOB_NODELIST_HET_GROUP_0"]
+        return None
-  return f"{dds_host}:{get_reader_port()}"
+    if on_kf():
+        job_name = os.environ["JOB_NAME"]
+        dds_host = f"{job_name}-datasetdispatcher-0"
+    else:
+        dds_host = os.environ["SLURM_JOB_NODELIST_HET_GROUP_0"]
+    return f"{dds_host}:{get_reader_port()}"
 
 
 def get_dds_worker_address():
-  if not has_readers():
+    """Get the DDS worker address.
-    return None
+
-  if on_kf():
+    Returns:
-    job_name = os.environ["JOB_NAME"]
+        str: DDS worker address in the format 'host:port'.
-    task_index = get_task_index()
+    """
-    return f"{job_name}-datasetworker-{task_index}:{get_reader_port()}"
+    if not has_readers():
-  else:
+        return None
-    node = os.environ["SLURMD_NODENAME"]
+    if on_kf():
-    return f"{node}:{get_reader_port()}"
+        job_name = os.environ["JOB_NAME"]
+        task_index = get_task_index()
+        return f"{job_name}-datasetworker-{task_index}:{get_reader_port()}"
+    else:
+        node = os.environ["SLURMD_NODENAME"]
+        return f"{node}:{get_reader_port()}"
 
 
 def get_num_readers():
-  if not has_readers():
+    """Get the number of dataset workers.
-    return 0
+
-  if on_kf():
+    Returns:
-    machines_config_env = json.loads(os.environ["MACHINES_CONFIG"])
+        int: Number of dataset workers.
-    return int(machines_config_env["num_dataset_workers"] or 0)
+    """
-  return len(os.environ["SLURM_JOB_NODELIST_HET_GROUP_1"].split(","))
+    if not has_readers():
+        return 0
+    if on_kf():
+        machines_config_env = json.loads(os.environ["MACHINES_CONFIG"])
+        return int(machines_config_env.get("num_dataset_workers") or 0)
+    return len(os.environ["SLURM_JOB_NODELIST_HET_GROUP_1"].split(","))
 
 
 def get_flight_server_addresses():
-  if on_kf():
+    """Get Flight server addresses for dataset workers.
-    job_name = os.environ["JOB_NAME"]
+
-    return [
+    Returns:
-      f"grpc://{job_name}-datasetworker-{task_index}:{FLIGHT_SERVER_PORT}"
+        List[str]: List of Flight server addresses in the format 'grpc://host:port'.
-      for task_index in range(get_num_readers())
+    Raises:
-    ]
+        NotImplementedError: If not running on Kubernetes with Kubeflow (KF) environment.
-  else:
+    """
-    raise NotImplementedError
+    if on_kf():
+        job_name = os.environ["JOB_NAME"]
+        return [
+            f"grpc://{job_name}-datasetworker-{task_index}:{FLIGHT_SERVER_PORT}"
+            for task_index in range(get_num_readers())
+        ]
+    else:
+        raise NotImplementedError
 
 
 def get_dds_journaling_dir():
-  return os.environ.get("DATASET_JOURNALING_DIR", None)
+    """Get the DDS journaling directory.
+
+    Returns:
+        str: DDS journaling directory.
+    """
+    return os.environ.get("DATASET_JOURNALING_DIR", None)

metrics/aggregation.py

@@ -14,18 +14,21 @@ def update_mean(
   weight: torch.Tensor,
 ) -> Tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
   """
-  Update the mean according to Welford formula:
+  Update the mean according to the Welford formula.
-  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms_for_calculating_variance#Weighted_batched_version.
+
+    This function updates the mean and the weighted sum of values using the Welford algorithm.
+    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms_for_calculating_variance#Weighted_batched_version.
   See also https://nullbuffer.com/articles/welford_algorithm.html for more information.
-  Args:
-    current_mean: The value of the current accumulated mean.
-    current_weight_sum: The current weighted sum.
-    value: The new value that needs to be added to get a new mean.
-    weight: The weights for the new value.
 
-  Returns: The updated mean and updated weighted sum.
+    Args:
+        current_mean (torch.Tensor): The value of the current accumulated mean.
+        current_weight_sum (torch.Tensor): The current weighted sum.
+        value (torch.Tensor): The new value that needs to be added to get a new mean.
+        weight (torch.Tensor): The weights for the new value.
 
-  """
+    Returns:
+        Tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]: The updated mean and updated weighted sum.
+    """
   weight = torch.broadcast_to(weight, value.shape)
 
   # Avoiding (on purpose) in-place operation when using += in case
@@ -38,12 +41,15 @@ def update_mean(
 def stable_mean_dist_reduce_fn(state: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
   """
   Merge the state from multiple workers.
-  Args:
-    state: A tensor with the first dimension indicating workers.
 
-  Returns: The accumulated mean from all workers.
+    This function merges the state from multiple workers to compute the accumulated mean.
 
-  """
+    Args:
+        state (torch.Tensor): A tensor with the first dimension indicating workers.
+
+    Returns:
+        torch.Tensor: The accumulated mean from all workers.
+    """
   mean, weight_sum = update_mean(
     current_mean=torch.as_tensor(0.0, dtype=state.dtype, device=state.device),
     current_weight_sum=torch.as_tensor(0.0, dtype=state.dtype, device=state.device),
@@ -55,12 +61,20 @@ def stable_mean_dist_reduce_fn(state: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
 
 class StableMean(torchmetrics.Metric):
   """
-  This implements a numerical stable mean metrics computation using Welford algorithm according to
+  A numerical stable mean metric using the Welford algorithm.
-  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms_for_calculating_variance#Weighted_batched_version.
+
+    This class implements a numerical stable mean metrics computation using the Welford algorithm.
+    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms_for_calculating_variance#Weighted_batched_version.
   For example when using float32, the algorithm will give a valid output even if the "sum" is larger
    than the maximum float32 as far as the mean is within the limit of float32.
   See also https://nullbuffer.com/articles/welford_algorithm.html for more information.
-  """
+
+    Args:
+        **kwargs: Additional parameters supported by all torchmetrics.Metric.
+
+    Attributes:
+        mean_and_weight_sum (torch.Tensor): A tensor to store the mean and weighted sum.
+    """
 
   def __init__(self, **kwargs):
     """
@@ -75,12 +89,12 @@ class StableMean(torchmetrics.Metric):
     )
 
   def update(self, value: torch.Tensor, weight: Union[float, torch.Tensor] = 1.0) -> None:
-    """
+    """Update the current mean.
-    Update the current mean.
+
-    Args:
+        Args:
-      value: Value to update the mean with.
+            value (torch.Tensor): Value to update the mean with.
-      weight: weight to use. Shape should be broadcastable to that of value.
+            weight (Union[float, torch.Tensor]): Weight to use. Shape should be broadcastable to that of value.
-    """
+        """
     mean, weight_sum = self.mean_and_weight_sum[0], self.mean_and_weight_sum[1]
 
     if not isinstance(weight, torch.Tensor):
@@ -91,7 +105,9 @@ class StableMean(torchmetrics.Metric):
     )
 
   def compute(self) -> torch.Tensor:
-    """
+    """Compute and return the accumulated mean.
-    Compute and return the accumulated mean.
+
-    """
+        Returns:
+            torch.Tensor: The accumulated mean.
+        """
     return self.mean_and_weight_sum[0]

metrics/auroc.py

@@ -29,6 +29,9 @@ def _compute_helper(
     equal_predictions_as_incorrect: For positive & negative labels having identical scores,
      we assume that they are correct prediction (i.e weight = 1) when ths is False. Otherwise,
      we assume that they are correct prediction (i.e weight = 0).
+
+  Returns:
+    torch.Tensor: The computed AUROC
   """
   dim = 0
 
@@ -52,24 +55,34 @@ def _compute_helper(
 
 class AUROCWithMWU(torchmetrics.Metric):
   """
-  AUROC using Mann-Whitney U-test.
+    AUROC (Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic) using Mann-Whitney U-test.
-  See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Receiver_operating_characteristic#Area_under_the_curve.
 
-  This AUROC implementation is well suited to (non-zero) low-CTR. In particular it will return
+    This AUROC implementation is well suited for (non-zero) low-CTR (Click-Through Rate)
-  the correct AUROC even if the predicted probabilities are all close to 0.
+    scenarios. It returns the correct AUROC even when predicted probabilities are close to 0.
-  Currently only support binary classification.
+
-  """
+    See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Receiver_operating_characteristic#Area_under_the_curve.
+
+    Note: Currently, this implementation only supports binary classification.
+
+    Args:
+        label_threshold (float): Threshold for classifying labels as positive or negative.
+            Labels above this threshold are considered positive, and those below are considered negative.
+        raise_missing_class (bool): If True, an error is raised when the negative or positive class is missing.
+            Otherwise, a warning is logged, and AUROC is computed.
+        **kwargs: Additional parameters supported by all torchmetrics.Metric.
+    """
 
   def __init__(self, label_threshold: float = 0.5, raise_missing_class: bool = False, **kwargs):
     """
+        Initializes the AUROCWithMWU metric.
 
-    Args:
+        Args:
-      label_threshold: Labels strictly above this threshold are considered positive labels,
+            label_threshold (float): Threshold for classifying labels as positive or negative.
-                       otherwise, they are considered negative.
+                Labels above this threshold are considered positive, and those below are considered negative.
-      raise_missing_class: If True, an error will be raise if negative or positive class is missing.
+            raise_missing_class (bool): If True, an error is raised when the negative or positive class is missing.
-        Otherwise, we will simply log a warning.
+                Otherwise, a warning is logged, and AUROC is computed.
-      **kwargs: Additional parameters supported by all torchmetrics.Metric.
+            **kwargs: Additional parameters supported by all torchmetrics.Metric.
-    """
+        """
     super().__init__(**kwargs)
     self.add_state("predictions", default=[], dist_reduce_fx="cat")
     self.add_state("target", default=[], dist_reduce_fx="cat")

ml_logging/absl_logging.py

@@ -14,7 +14,24 @@ from absl import logging as logging
 
 
 def setup_absl_logging():
-  """Make sure that absl logging pushes to stdout rather than stderr."""
+  """
+    Configure absl-py logging to direct log messages to stdout and apply a custom log message format.
+
+    This function ensures that log messages generated by the absl-py library are written to stdout
+    rather than stderr. It also applies a custom log message format that includes module, function,
+    line number, log level, and the log message content.
+
+    Note:
+        This function should be called once at the beginning of your script or application to
+        configure absl-py logging.
+
+    Example:
+        To use this function, simply call it at the start of your script:
+        ```
+        setup_absl_logging()
+        ```
+
+    """
   logging.get_absl_handler().python_handler.stream = sys.stdout
   formatter = py_logging.Formatter(
     fmt="[%(module)s.%(funcName)s:%(lineno)s - %(levelname)s] %(message)s"

ml_logging/test_torch_logging.py

@@ -5,6 +5,21 @@ from tml.ml_logging.torch_logging import logging
 
 class Testtlogging(unittest.TestCase):
   def test_warn_once(self):
+    """
+        Test that warning messages are logged only once when using the assertLogs context manager.
+
+        This unit test checks the behavior of the logging system when warning messages are issued
+        multiple times within the same context. It uses the assertLogs context manager to capture
+        log messages at the INFO level and verifies that warning messages are logged only once.
+
+        Example:
+            To use this test case, call it using a test runner like unittest:
+            ```
+            python -m unittest your_test_module.TestLogging.test_warn_once
+            ```
+
+        """
+
     with self.assertLogs(level="INFO") as captured_logs:
       logging.info("first info")
       logging.warning("first warning")

ml_logging/torch_logging.py

@@ -18,7 +18,35 @@ import torch.distributed as dist
 
 
 def rank_specific(logger):
-  """Ensures that we only override a given logger once."""
+  """
+    Customize logger behavior based on the distributed environment and rank.
+
+    This function allows for customizing the behavior of a logger based on the distributed environment and the rank
+    of the current process. It overrides standard logging methods (e.g., error, warning) to conditionally log messages
+    depending on the rank or limit the number of redundant logs.
+
+    Args:
+        logger: The logger object to customize.
+
+    Returns:
+        The customized logger.
+
+    Example:
+        To use this function with the `logging` module:
+        ```python
+        import logging
+        from rank_specific_logging import rank_specific
+
+        logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+        rank_specific(logger)
+        ```
+
+    Customization:
+        - Messages are only logged if the distributed environment is not initialized or if the rank matches.
+        - The 'warning' method is limited to logging a single redundant warning.
+        - Logging from rank -1 is redirected to include the rank information.
+
+    """
   if hasattr(logger, "_ALREADY_OVERWRITTEN_TO_BE_RANK_SPECIFIC"):
     return logger
 

optimizers/config.py

@@ -8,11 +8,60 @@ import pydantic
 
 
 class PiecewiseConstant(base_config.BaseConfig):
+  """
+    Configuration for a piecewise constant learning rate schedule.
+
+    This configuration class allows you to specify a piecewise constant learning rate schedule
+    by defining boundaries and corresponding learning rate values.
+
+    Attributes:
+        learning_rate_boundaries (List[int], optional): List of step boundaries at which
+            the learning rate will change. If None, no boundaries are defined.
+        learning_rate_values (List[float], optional): List of learning rate values
+            corresponding to the boundaries. If None, no values are defined.
+
+    Example:
+        To configure a piecewise constant learning rate schedule, create an instance of this class
+        and set the attributes accordingly. For example:
+
+        ```python
+        piecewise_lr = PiecewiseConstant(
+            learning_rate_boundaries=[1000, 2000, 3000],
+            learning_rate_values=[0.1, 0.05, 0.01, 0.001]
+        )
+        ```
+
+    Note:
+        The number of learning rate values should be one more than the number of boundaries.
+
+    """
   learning_rate_boundaries: typing.List[int] = pydantic.Field(None)
   learning_rate_values: typing.List[float] = pydantic.Field(None)
 
 
 class LinearRampToConstant(base_config.BaseConfig):
+  """
+    Configuration for a linear ramp-up to constant learning rate schedule.
+
+    This configuration class allows you to specify a learning rate schedule that ramps up linearly
+    from zero to a constant value over a specified number of steps.
+
+    Attributes:
+        learning_rate (float): The final constant learning rate.
+        num_ramp_steps (PositiveInt): Number of steps to ramp up the learning rate from zero.
+
+    Example:
+        To configure a linear ramp-up to a constant learning rate, create an instance of this class
+        and set the attributes accordingly. For example:
+
+        ```python
+        linear_ramp_lr = LinearRampToConstant(
+            learning_rate=0.1,
+            num_ramp_steps=1000
+        )
+        ```
+
+    """
   learning_rate: float
   num_ramp_steps: pydantic.PositiveInt = pydantic.Field(
     description="Number of steps to ramp this up from zero."
@@ -20,6 +69,32 @@ class LinearRampToConstant(base_config.BaseConfig):
 
 
 class LinearRampToCosine(base_config.BaseConfig):
+  """
+    Configuration for a linear ramp-up to cosine decay learning rate schedule.
+
+    This configuration class allows you to specify a learning rate schedule that ramps up linearly
+    from zero, then decays following a cosine schedule to a final constant learning rate.
+
+    Attributes:
+        learning_rate (float): The initial learning rate at the start of ramp-up.
+        final_learning_rate (float): The final constant learning rate after decay.
+        num_ramp_steps (PositiveInt): Number of steps to ramp up the learning rate from zero.
+        final_num_steps (PositiveInt): Final number of steps where decay stops.
+
+    Example:
+        To configure a linear ramp-up to cosine decay learning rate, create an instance of this
+        class and set the attributes accordingly. For example:
+
+        ```python
+        ramp_to_cosine_lr = LinearRampToCosine(
+            learning_rate=0.01,
+            final_learning_rate=0.001,
+            num_ramp_steps=1000,
+            final_num_steps=5000
+        )
+        ```
+
+    """
   learning_rate: float
   final_learning_rate: float
   num_ramp_steps: pydantic.PositiveInt = pydantic.Field(
@@ -31,6 +106,41 @@ class LinearRampToCosine(base_config.BaseConfig):
 
 
 class LearningRate(base_config.BaseConfig):
+  """
+    Learning rate configuration for training.
+
+    This configuration class allows you to specify different learning rate schedules
+    for your training process.
+
+    Attributes:
+        constant (float, optional): Constant learning rate to be used throughout training.
+        linear_ramp_to_cosine (LinearRampToCosine, optional): Learning rate that ramps up linearly
+            and then decays following a cosine schedule.
+        linear_ramp_to_constant (LinearRampToConstant, optional): Learning rate that ramps up
+            linearly and then remains constant.
+        piecewise_constant (PiecewiseConstant, optional): Learning rate that changes at specified
+            boundaries with corresponding values.
+
+    Example:
+        To configure a learning rate schedule, create an instance of this class and set the
+        attributes accordingly. For example:
+
+        ```python
+        learning_rate = LearningRate(
+            constant=0.01,
+            linear_ramp_to_cosine=LinearRampToCosine(
+                learning_rate=0.1,
+                final_learning_rate=0.001,
+                num_ramp_steps=1000,
+                final_num_steps=5000
+            )
+        )
+        ```
+
+    Note:
+        Each learning rate schedule attribute can be set to `None` if not needed.
+
+    """
   constant: float = pydantic.Field(None, one_of="lr")
   linear_ramp_to_cosine: LinearRampToCosine = pydantic.Field(None, one_of="lr")
   linear_ramp_to_constant: LinearRampToConstant = pydantic.Field(None, one_of="lr")
@@ -38,30 +148,166 @@ class LearningRate(base_config.BaseConfig):
 
 
 class OptimizerAlgorithmConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
-  """Base class for optimizer configurations."""
+  """
+    Base class for optimizer configurations.
+
+    This base configuration class provides a structure for specifying various optimizer-related
+    settings, including the learning rate and different learning rate schedules.
+
+    Attributes:
+        lr (float): The base learning rate used by the optimizer.
+
+    Subclasses should inherit from this base class and define additional attributes specific to
+    the optimizer algorithm they represent.
+
+    Example:
+        To create a custom optimizer configuration, create a subclass of this base class and
+        define the necessary attributes. For example:
+
+        ```python
+        class MyOptimizerConfig(OptimizerAlgorithmConfig):
+            momentum: float = pydantic.Field(0.9, description="Momentum value for SGD.")
+        ```
+
+    Note:
+        This base class does not include specific optimizer settings. Subclasses should define
+        the optimizer-specific attributes as needed.
+
+    """
 
   lr: float
   ...
 
 
 class AdamConfig(OptimizerAlgorithmConfig):
-  # see https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/generated/torch.optim.Adam.html#torch.optim.Adam
+  """
+    Configuration for the Adam optimizer.
+
+    This configuration class allows you to specify the hyperparameters for the Adam optimizer.
+
+    Attributes:
+        lr (float): The learning rate for optimization.
+        betas (Tuple[float, float], optional): Coefficients used for computing running averages
+            of gradient and squared gradient. Defaults to (0.9, 0.999).
+        eps (float, optional): A small constant added to the denominator for numerical stability.
+            Defaults to 1e-7.
+
+    Example:
+        To configure the Adam optimizer, create an instance of this class and set the attributes
+        accordingly. For example:
+
+        ```python
+        adam_optimizer = AdamConfig(
+            lr=0.001,
+            betas=(0.9, 0.999),
+            eps=1e-8
+        )
+        ```
+
+    See Also:
+        [PyTorch Adam Documentation](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/generated/torch.optim.Adam.html#torch.optim.Adam)
+
+    """
   lr: float
   betas: typing.Tuple[float, float] = [0.9, 0.999]
   eps: float = 1e-7  # Numerical stability in denominator.
 
 
 class SgdConfig(OptimizerAlgorithmConfig):
+  """
+    Configuration for the Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) optimizer.
+
+    This configuration class allows you to specify the hyperparameters for the SGD optimizer.
+
+    Attributes:
+        lr (float): The learning rate for optimization.
+        momentum (float, optional): The momentum factor for SGD. Defaults to 0.0.
+
+    Example:
+        To configure the SGD optimizer, create an instance of this class and set the attributes
+        accordingly. For example:
+
+        ```python
+        sgd_optimizer = SgdConfig(
+            lr=0.01,
+            momentum=0.9
+        )
+        ```
+
+    """
   lr: float
   momentum: float = 0.0
 
 
 class AdagradConfig(OptimizerAlgorithmConfig):
+  """
+    Configuration for the optimizer used during training.
+
+    This configuration class allows you to specify the optimizer for training, including
+    options for various optimizer algorithms.
+
+    Attributes:
+        learning_rate (LearningRate, optional): Learning rate configuration. Defaults to None.
+        adam (AdamConfig, optional): Configuration for the Adam optimizer. Defaults to None.
+        sgd (SgdConfig, optional): Configuration for the Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) optimizer.
+            Defaults to None.
+        adagrad (AdagradConfig, optional): Configuration for the Adagrad optimizer. Defaults to None.
+
+    Example:
+        To configure the optimizer for training, create an instance of this class and set the
+        attributes accordingly. For example:
+
+        ```python
+        optimizer_config = OptimizerConfig(
+            learning_rate=LearningRate(constant=0.001),
+            adam=AdamConfig(lr=0.001, betas=(0.9, 0.999), eps=1e-8)
+        )
+        ```
+
+    """
   lr: float
   eps: float = 0
 
 
 class OptimizerConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
+  """
+    Configuration for defining different optimizer algorithms and their parameters.
+
+    This class allows you to configure various optimizer algorithms such as Adam, SGD, and Adagrad,
+    along with their respective hyperparameters.
+
+    Args:
+        learning_rate (LearningRate): The learning rate configuration, which can include
+            constant learning rates or other learning rate schedules.
+        adam (AdamConfig): Configuration for the Adam optimizer.
+        sgd (SgdConfig): Configuration for the Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) optimizer.
+        adagrad (AdagradConfig): Configuration for the Adagrad optimizer.
+
+    Example:
+        ```python
+        optimizer_config = OptimizerConfig(
+            learning_rate=LearningRate(constant=0.001),
+            adam=AdamConfig(lr=0.001, betas=(0.9, 0.999), eps=1e-8),
+        )
+        ```
+
+    Attributes:
+        learning_rate (LearningRate): The learning rate configuration.
+        adam (AdamConfig): Configuration for the Adam optimizer.
+        sgd (SgdConfig): Configuration for the Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) optimizer.
+        adagrad (AdagradConfig): Configuration for the Adagrad optimizer.
+
+    Note:
+        You can specify only one of the optimizer configurations (adam, sgd, or adagrad) in an
+        `OptimizerConfig` instance.
+
+    See Also:
+        - `LearningRate`: Configuration for specifying learning rates.
+        - `AdamConfig`: Configuration for the Adam optimizer.
+        - `SgdConfig`: Configuration for the Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) optimizer.
+        - `AdagradConfig`: Configuration for the Adagrad optimizer.
+
+    """
   learning_rate: LearningRate = pydantic.Field(
     None,
     description="Constant learning rates",
@@ -72,6 +318,33 @@ class OptimizerConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
 
 
 def get_optimizer_algorithm_config(optimizer_config: OptimizerConfig):
+  """
+    Get the optimizer algorithm configuration from the given `OptimizerConfig`.
+
+    This function extracts and returns the specific optimizer algorithm configuration
+    (e.g., Adam, SGD, or Adagrad) from the provided `OptimizerConfig`.
+
+    Args:
+        optimizer_config (OptimizerConfig): The optimizer configuration object containing
+            one of the optimizer algorithm configurations.
+
+    Returns:
+        Union[AdamConfig, SgdConfig, AdagradConfig]: The specific optimizer algorithm
+        configuration extracted from `optimizer_config`.
+
+    Raises:
+        ValueError: If no optimizer algorithm is selected in `optimizer_config`.
+
+    Example:
+        ```python
+        optimizer_config = OptimizerConfig(
+            adam=AdamConfig(lr=0.001, betas=(0.9, 0.999), eps=1e-8)
+        )
+        algorithm_config = get_optimizer_algorithm_config(optimizer_config)
+        # `algorithm_config` will be an instance of `AdamConfig`.
+        ```
+
+    """
   if optimizer_config.adam is not None:
     return optimizer_config.adam
   elif optimizer_config.sgd is not None:

optimizers/optimizer.py

@@ -14,7 +14,35 @@ from tml.ml_logging.torch_logging import logging
 
 
 def compute_lr(lr_config, step):
-  """Compute a learning rate."""
+  """
+    Compute the learning rate based on the specified learning rate configuration.
+
+    This function calculates the learning rate according to the given configuration, which can include
+    constant learning rates, piecewise constant schedules, linear ramps, and cosine annealing.
+
+    Args:
+        lr_config (LearningRate): The learning rate configuration specifying the learning rate schedule.
+        step (int): The current training step or iteration.
+
+    Returns:
+        float: The computed learning rate for the current step.
+
+    Raises:
+        ValueError: If the `lr_config` is invalid or contains conflicting options.
+
+    Example:
+        ```python
+        lr_schedule = LearningRate(
+            constant=0.001,
+            piecewise_constant=PiecewiseConstant(
+                learning_rate_boundaries=[1000, 2000, 3000],
+                learning_rate_values=[0.1, 0.05, 0.01, 0.001]
+            )
+        )
+        current_step = 2500
+        learning_rate = compute_lr(lr_schedule, current_step)
+        ```
+  """
   if lr_config.constant is not None:
     return lr_config.constant
   elif lr_config.piecewise_constant is not None:
@@ -46,11 +74,54 @@ def compute_lr(lr_config, step):
 
 
 class LRShim(_LRScheduler):
-  """Shim to get learning rates into a LRScheduler.
-
-  This adheres to the torch.optim scheduler API and can be plugged anywhere that
-  e.g. exponential decay can be used.
   """
+    Learning Rate Scheduler Shim to adjust learning rates during training.
+
+    This class acts as a shim to apply different learning rates to individual parameter groups
+    within an optimizer. It adheres to the torch.optim scheduler API and can be used with various
+    optimizers, allowing fine-grained control over learning rates based on configuration.
+
+    Args:
+        optimizer (torch.optim.Optimizer): The optimizer for which learning rates will be adjusted.
+        lr_dict (Dict[str, LearningRate]): A dictionary mapping parameter group names to their
+            corresponding learning rate configurations.
+        last_epoch (int, optional): The index of the last epoch. Default is -1.
+        verbose (bool, optional): If True, prints a warning message when accessing learning rates
+            using the deprecated `get_lr()` method. Default is False.
+
+    Raises:
+        ValueError: If the number of parameter groups in the optimizer does not match the number
+            of learning rate configurations provided.
+
+    Note:
+        To obtain the last computed learning rates, please use `get_last_lr()`.
+
+    Example:
+        ```python
+        optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(model.parameters(), lr=0.01)
+        lr_schedule = {
+            'main': LearningRate(constant=0.01),
+            'auxiliary': LearningRate(piecewise_constant=PiecewiseConstant(
+                learning_rate_boundaries=[1000, 2000],
+                learning_rate_values=[0.01, 0.001]
+            ))
+        }
+        lr_shim = LRShim(optimizer, lr_schedule)
+
+        for epoch in range(num_epochs):
+            # Train the model
+            train(...)
+            # Update learning rates at the end of each epoch
+            lr_shim.step(epoch)
+
+        final_lr_main = lr_shim.get_last_lr()['main']
+        final_lr_auxiliary = lr_shim.get_last_lr()['auxiliary']
+        ```
+
+    See Also:
+        - `LearningRate`: Configuration for specifying learning rates.
+        - `PiecewiseConstant`: Configuration for piecewise constant learning rate schedules.
+    """
 
   def __init__(
     self,
@@ -95,9 +166,42 @@ def get_optimizer_class(optimizer_config: OptimizerConfig):
 def build_optimizer(
   model: torch.nn.Module, optimizer_config: OptimizerConfig
 ) -> Tuple[Optimizer, _LRScheduler]:
-  """Builds an optimizer and LR scheduler from an OptimizerConfig.
-  Note: use this when you want the same optimizer and learning rate schedule for all your parameters.
   """
+    Build an optimizer and learning rate scheduler based on the provided optimizer configuration.
+
+    Args:
+        model (torch.nn.Module): The PyTorch model for which the optimizer will be created.
+        optimizer_config (OptimizerConfig): The optimizer configuration specifying the optimizer
+            algorithm and learning rate settings.
+
+    Returns:
+        Tuple[Optimizer, _LRScheduler]: A tuple containing the optimizer and learning rate scheduler
+            objects.
+
+    Note:
+        This function is intended for cases where you want the same optimizer and learning rate
+        schedule for all model parameters.
+
+    Example:
+        ```python
+        model = MyModel()
+        optimizer_config = OptimizerConfig(
+            learning_rate=LearningRate(constant=0.01),
+            sgd=SgdConfig(lr=0.01, momentum=0.9)
+        )
+        optimizer, scheduler = build_optimizer(model, optimizer_config)
+
+        for epoch in range(num_epochs):
+            # Train the model with the optimizer
+            train(model, optimizer, ...)
+            # Update learning rates at the end of each epoch
+            scheduler.step(epoch)
+        ```
+
+    See Also:
+        - `OptimizerConfig`: Configuration for specifying optimizer settings.
+        - `LRShim`: Learning rate scheduler shim for fine-grained learning rate control.
+    """
   optimizer_class = get_optimizer_class(optimizer_config)
   optimizer = optimizer_class(model.parameters(), **optimizer_config.sgd.dict())
   # We're passing everything in as one group here

projects/home/recap/config.py

@@ -9,6 +9,36 @@ import pydantic
 
 
 class TrainingConfig(config_mod.BaseConfig):
+  """
+    Configuration settings for the training process.
+
+    This class defines various training-related settings, including the directory to save checkpoints, the number
+    of training steps, logging intervals, and other training parameters.
+
+    Attributes:
+        save_dir (str): The directory where checkpoints and training artifacts will be saved.
+        num_train_steps (pydantic.PositiveInt): The total number of training steps to run.
+        initial_checkpoint_dir (str): The directory containing initial checkpoints (optional).
+        checkpoint_every_n (pydantic.PositiveInt): Frequency of saving checkpoints during training.
+        checkpoint_max_to_keep (pydantic.PositiveInt): Maximum number of checkpoints to keep (optional).
+        train_log_every_n (pydantic.PositiveInt): Frequency of logging training progress.
+        num_eval_steps (int): Number of evaluation steps. Use a negative value to evaluate the entire dataset.
+        eval_log_every_n (pydantic.PositiveInt): Frequency of logging evaluation progress.
+        eval_timeout_in_s (pydantic.PositiveFloat): Maximum time (in seconds) allowed for evaluation.
+        gradient_accumulation (int): Number of replica steps to accumulate gradients (optional).
+
+    Example:
+        To configure training with checkpoints saved every 1000 steps, use the following settings:
+
+        ```python
+        TrainingConfig(
+            save_dir="/tmp/model",
+            num_train_steps=1000000,
+            checkpoint_every_n=1000,
+            train_log_every_n=1000,
+        )
+        ```
+    """
   save_dir: str = "/tmp/model"
   num_train_steps: pydantic.PositiveInt = 1000000
   initial_checkpoint_dir: str = pydantic.Field(
@@ -32,6 +62,42 @@ class TrainingConfig(config_mod.BaseConfig):
 
 
 class RecapConfig(config_mod.BaseConfig):
+  """
+    Configuration settings for the Recap model training process.
+
+    This class defines the overall configuration for the training process of a Recap model. It includes settings for
+    training, model architecture, data, optimization, and evaluation.
+
+    Attributes:
+        training (TrainingConfig): Configuration settings for the training process.
+        model (model_config.ModelConfig): Configuration settings for the Recap model architecture.
+        train_data (data_config.RecapDataConfig): Configuration settings for training data.
+        validation_data (Dict[str, data_config.RecapDataConfig]): Configuration settings for validation data.
+        optimizer (optimizer_config.RecapOptimizerConfig): Configuration settings for optimization.
+        which_metrics (Optional[str]): Optional specification of which metrics to pick.
+
+    Note:
+        This class encapsulates all the necessary configurations to train a Recap model. It defines settings for
+        training, the model architecture, data loading, optimization, and evaluation.
+
+    Example:
+        To configure a Recap model training process, use the following settings:
+
+        ```python
+        RecapConfig(
+            training=TrainingConfig(
+                save_dir="/tmp/model",
+                num_train_steps=1000000,
+                checkpoint_every_n=1000,
+                train_log_every_n=1000,
+            ),
+            model=model_config.ModelConfig(...),
+            train_data=data_config.RecapDataConfig(...),
+            validation_data={"dev": data_config.RecapDataConfig(...)},
+            optimizer=optimizer_config.RecapOptimizerConfig(...),
+        )
+        ```
+    """
   training: TrainingConfig = pydantic.Field(TrainingConfig())
   model: model_config.ModelConfig
   train_data: data_config.RecapDataConfig

projects/home/recap/embedding/config.py

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ class EmbeddingBagConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
 
 
 class EmbeddingOptimizerConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
+  """Configuration for the optimizer used for embedding tables."""
   learning_rate: optimizer_config.LearningRate = pydantic.Field(
     None, description="learning rate scheduler for the EBC"
   )
@@ -52,6 +53,7 @@ class LargeEmbeddingsConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
 
 
 class StratifierConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
+  """Configuration for Stratifier."""
   name: str
   index: int
   value: int
@@ -87,7 +89,8 @@ class SmallEmbeddingsConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
   the model, whereas LargeEmbedding usually is meant to be hydrated outside the model at
   serving time due to size (>>1 GB).
 
-  This small embeddings table uses the same optimizer as the rest of the model."""
+  This small embeddings table uses the same optimizer as the rest of the model.
+  """
 
   tables: List[SmallEmbeddingBagConfig] = pydantic.Field(
     ..., description="list of embedding tables"

projects/home/recap/main.py

@@ -34,6 +34,33 @@ FLAGS = flags.FLAGS
 
 
 def run(unused_argv: str, data_service_dispatcher: Optional[str] = None):
+  """
+    Main function to run the training of a ranking model.
+
+    This function initializes and runs the training process for a ranking model based on the provided configuration.
+    
+    Args:
+        unused_argv (str): Unused argument.
+        data_service_dispatcher (Optional[str]): The data service dispatcher for accessing training data (optional).
+
+    Returns:
+        None
+
+    Raises:
+        AssertionError: If the configuration or input data is not valid.
+
+    Note:
+        This function serves as the main entry point for training a ranking model. It loads the configuration, sets up
+        the training environment, defines the loss function, creates the model, optimizer, and scheduler, and runs the
+        training loop.
+
+    Example:
+        To run the training process, use the following command:
+        
+        ```
+        python run_training.py --config_path=config.yaml
+        ```
+    """
   print("#" * 100)
 
   config = tml_config_mod.load_config_from_yaml(recap_config_mod.RecapConfig, FLAGS.config_path)

projects/home/recap/model/config.py

@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ class BatchNormConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
 
 
 class DenseLayerConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
+  """Configuration for the dense layer."""
   layer_size: pydantic.PositiveInt
   dropout: DropoutConfig = pydantic.Field(None, description="Optional dropout config for layer.")
 
@@ -61,6 +62,7 @@ class BatchNormConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
 
 
 class DoubleNormLogConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
+  """Configuration for the double norm log transform."""
   batch_norm_config: Optional[BatchNormConfig] = pydantic.Field(None)
   clip_magnitude: float = pydantic.Field(
     5.0, description="Threshold to clip the normalized input values."
@@ -73,12 +75,14 @@ class Log1pAbsConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
 
 
 class ClipLog1pAbsConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
+  """Configuration for the clip log transform."""
   clip_magnitude: pydantic.NonNegativeFloat = pydantic.Field(
     3e38, description="Threshold to clip the input values."
   )
 
 
 class ZScoreLogConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
+  """Configuration for the z-score log transform."""
   analysis_path: str
   schema_path: str = pydantic.Field(
     None,
@@ -148,6 +152,7 @@ class DcnConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
 
 
 class MaskBlockConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
+  """Config for MaskNet block."""
   output_size: int
   reduction_factor: Optional[pydantic.PositiveFloat] = pydantic.Field(
     None, one_of="aggregation_size"
@@ -159,6 +164,7 @@ class MaskBlockConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
 
 
 class MaskNetConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
+  """Config for MaskNet model."""
   mask_blocks: List[MaskBlockConfig]
   mlp: Optional[MlpConfig] = pydantic.Field(None, description="MLP Configuration for parallel")
   use_parallel: bool = pydantic.Field(False, description="Whether to use parallel MaskNet.")
@@ -190,6 +196,7 @@ class AffineMap(base_config.BaseConfig):
 
 
 class DLRMConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
+  """Config for DLRM model."""
   bottom_mlp: MlpConfig = pydantic.Field(
     ...,
     description="Bottom mlp, the output to be combined with sparse features and feed to interaction",
@@ -198,6 +205,7 @@ class DLRMConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
 
 
 class TaskModel(base_config.BaseConfig):
+  """Configuration for a single task."""
   mlp_config: MlpConfig = pydantic.Field(None, one_of="architecture")
   dcn_config: DcnConfig = pydantic.Field(None, one_of="architecture")
   dlrm_config: DLRMConfig = pydantic.Field(None, one_of="architecture")
@@ -213,6 +221,7 @@ class TaskModel(base_config.BaseConfig):
 
 
 class MultiTaskType(str, enum.Enum):
+  """Type of multi task architecture."""
   SHARE_NONE = "share_none"  # Tasks are separate.
   SHARE_ALL = "share_all"  # Tasks share same backbone.
   SHARE_PARTIAL = "share_partial"  # Tasks share some backbone, but have their own portions.
@@ -247,6 +256,7 @@ class ModelConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
 
   @pydantic.root_validator()
   def _validate_mtl(cls, values):
+    """Validate the multi task architecture."""
     if values.get("multi_task_type", None) is None:
       return values
     elif values["multi_task_type"] in [MultiTaskType.SHARE_ALL, MultiTaskType.SHARE_PARTIAL]:

projects/home/recap/model/entrypoint.py

@@ -26,7 +26,19 @@ def unsanitize(sanitized_task_name):
 
 
 def _build_single_task_model(task: model_config_mod.TaskModel, input_shape: int):
-  """ "Builds a model for a single task"""
+  """
+  Build a model for a single task based on the provided configuration.
+
+  Args:
+    task (model_config_mod.TaskModel): The task model configuration.
+    input_shape (int): The input shape for the model.
+
+  Returns:
+    torch.nn.Module: The constructed model for the single task.
+        
+  Raises:
+    ValueError: If the task configuration is not recognized.
+  """
   if task.mlp_config:
     return mlp.Mlp(in_features=input_shape, mlp_config=task.mlp_config)
   elif task.dcn_config:
@@ -38,7 +50,12 @@ def _build_single_task_model(task: model_config_mod.TaskModel, input_shape: int)
 
 
 class MultiTaskRankingModel(torch.nn.Module):
-  """Multi-task ranking model."""
+  """
+  Multi-task ranking model that handles multiple ranking tasks simultaneously.
+
+  This model takes various input features and predicts rankings for multiple 
+  tasks using shared or separate towers.
+  """
 
   def __init__(
     self,
@@ -47,12 +64,18 @@ class MultiTaskRankingModel(torch.nn.Module):
     data_config: RecapDataConfig,
     return_backbone: bool = False,
   ):
-    """Constructor for Multi task learning.
+    """
+    Constructor for Multi-task ranking model.
+
+    Args:
+      input_shapes (Mapping[str, torch.Size]): A mapping of input feature names to their shapes.
+      config (ModelConfig): The model configuration.
+      data_config (RecapDataConfig): The data configuration.
+      return_backbone (bool, optional): Whether to return the backbone network in the output. Defaults to False.
 
     Assumptions made:
-    1. Tasks specified in data config match model architecture.
+      1. Tasks specified in data config match model architecture.
-
+      These are all validated in config.
-    These are all validated in config.
     """
     super().__init__()
 
@@ -168,6 +191,23 @@ class MultiTaskRankingModel(torch.nn.Module):
     labels: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
     weights: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
   ):
+    """
+    Forward pass of the Multi-task ranking model.
+
+    Args:
+      continuous_features (torch.Tensor): Continuous input features.
+      binary_features (torch.Tensor): Binary input features.
+      discrete_features (Optional[torch.Tensor], optional): Discrete input features. Defaults to None.
+      sparse_features ([type], optional): Sparse input features. Defaults to None.
+      user_embedding (Optional[torch.Tensor], optional): User embeddings. Defaults to None.
+      user_eng_embedding (Optional[torch.Tensor], optional): User engagement embeddings. Defaults to None.
+      author_embedding (Optional[torch.Tensor], optional): Author embeddings. Defaults to None.
+      labels (Optional[torch.Tensor], optional): Target labels. Defaults to None.
+      weights (Optional[torch.Tensor], optional): Weights for the loss function. Defaults to None.
+
+    Returns:
+      Dict[str, torch.Tensor]: A dictionary containing the model's outputs.
+    """
     concat_dense_features = [
       self._preprocessor(continuous_features=continuous_features, binary_features=binary_features)
     ]
@@ -270,6 +310,20 @@ def create_ranking_model(
   data_config=None,
   return_backbone=False,
 ):
+  """
+  Creates a ranking model based on the provided specifications and configuration.
+
+  Args:
+    data_spec: The input data specifications.
+    config (config_mod.RecapConfig): The model configuration.
+    device (torch.device): The device where the model should be placed.
+    loss_fn (Optional[Callable], optional): A custom loss function. Defaults to None.
+    data_config: The data configuration. Defaults to None.
+    return_backbone (bool, optional): Whether to return the backbone network in the output. Defaults to False.
+
+  Returns:
+    torch.nn.Module: The created ranking model.
+  """
 
   if list(config.model.tasks.values())[0].dlrm_config:
     raise NotImplementedError()

projects/home/recap/model/feature_transform.py

@@ -11,21 +11,52 @@ import torch
 
 
 def log_transform(x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
-  """Safe log transform that works across both negative, zero, and positive floats."""
+  """
+    Safe log transform that works across both negative, zero, and positive floats.
+
+    Args:
+        x (torch.Tensor): Input tensor.
+
+    Returns:
+        torch.Tensor: Transformed tensor with log1p applied to absolute values.
+    """
   return torch.sign(x) * torch.log1p(torch.abs(x))
 
 
 class BatchNorm(torch.nn.Module):
   def __init__(self, num_features: int, config: BatchNormConfig):
+    """
+    Batch normalization layer.
+
+    Args:
+      num_features (int): Number of input features.
+      config (BatchNormConfig): Configuration for batch normalization.
+    """
     super().__init__()
     self.layer = torch.nn.BatchNorm1d(num_features, affine=config.affine, momentum=config.momentum)
 
   def forward(self, x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
+    """
+    Forward pass through the batch normalization layer.
+
+    Args:
+      x (torch.Tensor): Input tensor.
+
+    Returns:
+      torch.Tensor: Output tensor after batch normalization.
+    """
     return self.layer(x)
 
 
 class LayerNorm(torch.nn.Module):
   def __init__(self, normalized_shape: Union[int, Sequence[int]], config: LayerNormConfig):
+    """
+    Layer normalization layer.
+
+    Args:
+      normalized_shape (Union[int, Sequence[int]]): Size or shape of the input tensor.
+      config (LayerNormConfig): Configuration for layer normalization.
+    """
     super().__init__()
     if config.axis != -1:
       raise NotImplementedError
@@ -38,6 +69,16 @@ class LayerNorm(torch.nn.Module):
     )
 
   def forward(self, x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
+    """
+    Forward pass through the layer normalization layer.
+
+    Args:
+      x (torch.Tensor): Input tensor.
+
+    Returns:
+      torch.Tensor: Output tensor after layer normalization.
+    """
+
     return self.layer(x)
 
 
@@ -46,11 +87,27 @@ class Log1pAbs(torch.nn.Module):
     super().__init__()
 
   def forward(self, x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
+    """
+    Forward pass that applies a log transformation to the input tensor.
+
+    Args:
+      x (torch.Tensor): Input tensor.
+
+    Returns:
+      torch.Tensor: Transformed tensor with log applied to absolute values.
+    """
+
     return log_transform(x)
 
 
 class InputNonFinite(torch.nn.Module):
   def __init__(self, fill_value: float = 0):
+    """
+    Replaces non-finite (NaN and Inf) values in the input tensor with a specified fill value.
+
+    Args:
+      fill_value (float): The value to fill non-finite elements with. Default is 0.
+    """
     super().__init__()
 
     self.register_buffer(
@@ -58,11 +115,27 @@ class InputNonFinite(torch.nn.Module):
     )
 
   def forward(self, x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
+    """
+    Forward pass that replaces non-finite values in the input tensor with the specified fill value.
+
+    Args:
+      x (torch.Tensor): Input tensor.
+
+    Returns:
+      torch.Tensor: Transformed tensor with non-finite values replaced.
+    """
     return torch.where(torch.isfinite(x), x, self.fill_value)
 
 
 class Clamp(torch.nn.Module):
   def __init__(self, min_value: float, max_value: float):
+    """
+    Applies element-wise clamping to a tensor, ensuring that values are within a specified range.
+
+    Args:
+      min_value (float): The minimum value to clamp elements to.
+      max_value (float): The maximum value to clamp elements to.
+    """
     super().__init__()
     # Using buffer to make sure they are on correct device (and not moved every time).
     # Will also be part of state_dict.
@@ -74,12 +147,31 @@ class Clamp(torch.nn.Module):
     )
 
   def forward(self, x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
+    """
+    Forward pass that clamps the input tensor element-wise within the specified range.
+
+    Args:
+      x (torch.Tensor): Input tensor.
+
+    Returns:
+      torch.Tensor: Transformed tensor with elements clamped within the specified range.
+    """
     return torch.clamp(x, min=self.min_value, max=self.max_value)
 
 
 class DoubleNormLog(torch.nn.Module):
-  """Performs a batch norm and clamp on continuous features followed by a layer norm on binary and continuous features."""
+  """
+  Performs a batch norm and clamp on continuous features followed by a layer norm on binary and continuous features.
 
+  Args:
+    input_shapes (Mapping[str, Sequence[int]]): A mapping of input feature names to their corresponding shapes.
+    config (DoubleNormLogConfig): Configuration for the DoubleNormLog module.
+
+  Attributes:
+    _before_concat_layers (torch.nn.Sequential): Sequential layers for batch normalization, log transformation,
+                                                      batch normalization (optional), and clamping.
+    layer_norm (LayerNorm or None): Layer normalization layer for binary and continuous features (optional).
+  """
   def __init__(
     self,
     input_shapes: Mapping[str, Sequence[int]],
@@ -108,6 +200,17 @@ class DoubleNormLog(torch.nn.Module):
   def forward(
     self, continuous_features: torch.Tensor, binary_features: torch.Tensor
   ) -> torch.Tensor:
+    """
+    Forward pass that processes continuous and binary features using batch normalization, log transformation,
+    optional batch normalization (if configured), clamping, and layer normalization (if configured).
+
+    Args:
+      continuous_features (torch.Tensor): Input tensor of continuous features.
+      binary_features (torch.Tensor): Input tensor of binary features.
+
+    Returns:
+      torch.Tensor: Transformed tensor containing both continuous and binary features.
+    """
     x = self._before_concat_layers(continuous_features)
     x = torch.cat([x, binary_features], dim=1)
     if self.layer_norm:
@@ -118,5 +221,15 @@ class DoubleNormLog(torch.nn.Module):
 def build_features_preprocessor(
   config: FeaturizationConfig, input_shapes: Mapping[str, Sequence[int]]
 ):
-  """Trivial right now, but we will change in the future."""
+  """
+  Build a feature preprocessor module based on the provided configuration.
+  Trivial right now, but we will change in the future.
+
+  Args:
+    config (FeaturizationConfig): Configuration for feature preprocessing.
+    input_shapes (Mapping[str, Sequence[int]]): A mapping of input feature names to their corresponding shapes.
+
+  Returns:
+    DoubleNormLog: An instance of the DoubleNormLog feature preprocessor.
+  """
   return DoubleNormLog(input_shapes, config.double_norm_log_config)

projects/home/recap/model/mask_net.py

@@ -6,15 +6,84 @@ import torch
 
 
 def _init_weights(module):
+  """Initializes weights
+  
+  Example
+  
+    ```python
+    import torch
+    import torch.nn as nn
+
+    # Define a simple linear layer
+    linear_layer = nn.Linear(64, 32)
+
+    # Initialize the weights and biases using _init_weights
+    _init_weights(linear_layer)
+    ```
+  
+  """
   if isinstance(module, torch.nn.Linear):
     torch.nn.init.xavier_uniform_(module.weight)
     torch.nn.init.constant_(module.bias, 0)
 
 
 class MaskBlock(torch.nn.Module):
+  """
+    MaskBlock module in a mask-based neural network.
+
+    This module represents a MaskBlock, which applies a masking operation to the input data and then
+    passes it through a hidden layer. It is typically used as a building block within a MaskNet.
+
+    Args:
+        mask_block_config (config.MaskBlockConfig): Configuration for the MaskBlock.
+        input_dim (int): Dimensionality of the input data.
+        mask_input_dim (int): Dimensionality of the mask input.
+
+    Example:
+        To create and use a MaskBlock within a MaskNet, follow these steps:
+
+        ```python
+        # Define the configuration for the MaskBlock
+        mask_block_config = MaskBlockConfig(
+            input_layer_norm=True,  # Apply input layer normalization
+            reduction_factor=0.5     # Reduce input dimensionality by 50%
+        )
+
+        # Create an instance of the MaskBlock
+        mask_block = MaskBlock(mask_block_config, input_dim=64, mask_input_dim=32)
+
+        # Generate input tensors
+        input_data = torch.randn(batch_size, 64)
+        mask_input = torch.randn(batch_size, 32)
+
+        # Perform a forward pass through the MaskBlock
+        output = mask_block(input_data, mask_input)
+        ```
+
+    Note:
+        The `MaskBlock` module applies layer normalization to the input if specified, followed by a masking
+        operation that combines the input and mask input. Then, it passes the result through a hidden layer
+        with optional dimensionality reduction.
+
+    Warning:
+        This class is intended for internal use within neural network architectures and should not be
+        directly accessed or modified by external code.
+    """
   def __init__(
     self, mask_block_config: config.MaskBlockConfig, input_dim: int, mask_input_dim: int
   ) -> None:
+    """
+        Initializes the MaskBlock module.
+
+        Args:
+            mask_block_config (config.MaskBlockConfig): Configuration for the MaskBlock.
+            input_dim (int): Dimensionality of the input data.
+            mask_input_dim (int): Dimensionality of the mask input.
+
+        Returns:
+            None
+        """
+
     super(MaskBlock, self).__init__()
     self.mask_block_config = mask_block_config
     output_size = mask_block_config.output_size
@@ -42,6 +111,16 @@ class MaskBlock(torch.nn.Module):
     self._layer_norm = torch.nn.LayerNorm(output_size)
 
   def forward(self, net: torch.Tensor, mask_input: torch.Tensor):
+    """
+        Performs a forward pass through the MaskBlock.
+
+        Args:
+            net (torch.Tensor): Input data tensor.
+            mask_input (torch.Tensor): Mask input tensor.
+
+        Returns:
+            torch.Tensor: Output tensor of the MaskBlock.
+        """
     if self._input_layer_norm:
       net = self._input_layer_norm(net)
     hidden_layer_output = self._hidden_layer(net * self._mask_layer(mask_input))
@@ -49,7 +128,60 @@ class MaskBlock(torch.nn.Module):
 
 
 class MaskNet(torch.nn.Module):
+  """
+    MaskNet module in a mask-based neural network.
+
+    This module represents a MaskNet, which consists of multiple MaskBlocks. It can be used to
+    create mask-based neural networks with parallel or stacked MaskBlocks.
+
+    Args:
+        mask_net_config (config.MaskNetConfig): Configuration for the MaskNet.
+        in_features (int): Dimensionality of the input data.
+
+    Example:
+        To create and use a MaskNet, you can follow these steps:
+
+        ```python
+        # Define the configuration for the MaskNet
+        mask_net_config = MaskNetConfig(
+            use_parallel=True,  # Use parallel MaskBlocks
+            mlp=MlpConfig(layer_sizes=[128, 64])  # Optional MLP on the outputs
+        )
+
+        # Create an instance of the MaskNet
+        mask_net = MaskNet(mask_net_config, in_features=64)
+
+        # Generate input tensors
+        input_data = torch.randn(batch_size, 64)
+
+        # Perform a forward pass through the MaskNet
+        outputs = mask_net(input_data)
+
+        # Access the output and shared layer
+        output = outputs["output"]
+        shared_layer = outputs["shared_layer"]
+        ```
+
+    Note:
+        The `MaskNet` module allows you to create mask-based neural networks with parallel or stacked
+        MaskBlocks. You can also optionally apply an MLP to the outputs for further processing.
+
+    Warning:
+        This class is intended for internal use within neural network architectures and should not be
+        directly accessed or modified by external code.
+    """
   def __init__(self, mask_net_config: config.MaskNetConfig, in_features: int):
+    """
+        Initializes the MaskNet module.
+
+        Args:
+            mask_net_config (config.MaskNetConfig): Configuration for the MaskNet.
+            in_features (int): Dimensionality of the input data.
+
+        Returns:
+            None
+        """
+
     super().__init__()
     self.mask_net_config = mask_net_config
     mask_blocks = []
@@ -77,6 +209,15 @@ class MaskNet(torch.nn.Module):
     self.shared_size = total_output_mask_blocks
 
   def forward(self, inputs: torch.Tensor):
+    """
+        Performs a forward pass through the MaskNet.
+
+        Args:
+            inputs (torch.Tensor): Input data tensor.
+
+        Returns:
+            torch.Tensor: Output tensor of the MaskNet.
+        """
     if self.mask_net_config.use_parallel:
       mask_outputs = []
       for mask_layer in self._mask_blocks:

projects/home/recap/model/mlp.py

@@ -7,13 +7,83 @@ from absl import logging
 
 
 def _init_weights(module):
+  """Initializes weights
+  
+  Example
+  -------
+    ```python
+    import torch
+    import torch.nn as nn
+
+    # Define a simple linear layer
+    linear_layer = nn.Linear(64, 32)
+
+    # Initialize the weights and biases using _init_weights
+    _init_weights(linear_layer)
+    ```
+  
+  """
   if isinstance(module, torch.nn.Linear):
     torch.nn.init.xavier_uniform_(module.weight)
     torch.nn.init.constant_(module.bias, 0)
 
 
 class Mlp(torch.nn.Module):
+  """
+    Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) feedforward neural network module in PyTorch.
+
+    This module defines an MLP with customizable layers and activation functions. It is suitable for various
+    applications such as deep learning for tabular data, feature extraction, and more.
+
+    Args:
+        in_features (int): The number of input features or input dimensions.
+        mlp_config (MlpConfig): Configuration object specifying the MLP's architecture.
+
+    Example:
+        To create an instance of the `Mlp` module and use it for forward passes, you can follow these steps:
+
+        ```python
+        # Define the configuration for the MLP
+        mlp_config = MlpConfig(
+            layer_sizes=[128, 64],  # Specify the sizes of hidden layers
+            batch_norm=True,        # Enable batch normalization
+            dropout=0.2,            # Apply dropout with a rate of 0.2
+            final_layer_activation=True  # Apply ReLU activation to the final layer
+        )
+
+        # Create an instance of the MLP module
+        mlp_model = Mlp(in_features=input_dim, mlp_config=mlp_config)
+
+        # Generate an input tensor
+        input_tensor = torch.randn(batch_size, input_dim)
+
+        # Perform a forward pass through the MLP
+        outputs = mlp_model(input_tensor)
+
+        # Access the output and shared layer
+        output = outputs["output"]
+        shared_layer = outputs["shared_layer"]
+        ```
+
+    Note:
+        The `Mlp` class allows you to create customizable MLP architectures by specifying the layer sizes,
+        enabling batch normalization and dropout, and choosing the activation function for the final layer.
+
+    Warning:
+        This class is intended for internal use within neural network architectures and should not be
+        directly accessed or modified by external code.
+    """
   def __init__(self, in_features: int, mlp_config: MlpConfig):
+    """
+        Initializes the Mlp module.
+
+        Args:
+            in_features (int): The number of input features or input dimensions.
+            mlp_config (MlpConfig): Configuration object specifying the MLP's architecture.
+
+        Returns:
+            None
+        """
     super().__init__()
     self._mlp_config = mlp_config
     input_size = in_features
@@ -42,6 +112,15 @@ class Mlp(torch.nn.Module):
     self.layers.apply(_init_weights)
 
   def forward(self, x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
+    """
+        Performs a forward pass through the MLP.
+
+        Args:
+            x (torch.Tensor): Input tensor of shape (batch_size, in_features).
+
+        Returns:
+            torch.Tensor: Output tensor of the MLP.
+        """
     net = x
     for i, layer in enumerate(self.layers):
       net = layer(net)
@@ -51,8 +130,21 @@ class Mlp(torch.nn.Module):
 
   @property
   def shared_size(self):
+    """
+        Returns the size of the shared layer in the MLP.
+
+        Returns:
+            int: Size of the shared layer.
+        """
     return self._mlp_config.layer_sizes[-1]
 
   @property
   def out_features(self):
+    """
+        Returns the number of output features from the MLP.
+
+        Returns:
+            int: Number of output features.
+        """
+
     return self._mlp_config.layer_sizes[-1]

projects/home/recap/model/model_and_loss.py

@@ -5,6 +5,53 @@ from absl import logging
 
 
 class ModelAndLoss(torch.nn.Module):
+  """
+    PyTorch module that combines a neural network model and loss function.
+
+    This module wraps a neural network model and facilitates the forward pass through the model
+    while also calculating the loss based on the model's predictions and provided labels.
+
+    Args:
+        model: The torch module to wrap.
+        loss_fn (Callable): Function for calculating the loss, which should accept logits and labels.
+        stratifiers (Optional[List[embedding_config_mod.StratifierConfig]]): A list of stratifier configurations
+            for metrics stratification. Each stratifier config includes the name and index of discrete features
+            to emit for stratification.
+
+    Example:
+        To use `ModelAndLoss` in a PyTorch training loop, you can create an instance of it and pass your model
+        and loss function as arguments:
+
+        ```python
+        # Create a neural network model
+        model = YourNeuralNetworkModel()
+
+        # Define a loss function
+        loss_fn = torch.nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
+
+        # Create an instance of ModelAndLoss
+        model_and_loss = ModelAndLoss(model, loss_fn)
+
+        # Generate a batch of training data (e.g., RecapBatch)
+        batch = generate_training_batch()
+
+        # Perform a forward pass through the model and calculate the loss
+        loss, outputs = model_and_loss(batch)
+
+        # You can now backpropagate and optimize using the computed loss
+        loss.backward()
+        optimizer.step()
+        ```
+
+    Note:
+        The `ModelAndLoss` class simplifies the process of running forward passes through a model and
+        calculating loss, making it easier to integrate the model into your training loop. Additionally,
+        it supports the addition of stratifiers for metrics stratification, if needed.
+
+    Warning:
+        This class is intended for internal use within neural network architectures and should not be
+        directly accessed or modified by external code.
+    """
   def __init__(
     self,
     model,
@@ -12,10 +59,13 @@ class ModelAndLoss(torch.nn.Module):
     stratifiers: Optional[List[embedding_config_mod.StratifierConfig]] = None,
   ) -> None:
     """
-    Args:
+        Initializes the ModelAndLoss module.
-      model: torch module to wrap.
+
-      loss_fn: Function for calculating loss, should accept logits and labels.
+        Args:
-      straitifiers: mapping of stratifier name and index of discrete features to emit for metrics stratification.
+            model: The torch module to wrap.
+            loss_fn (Callable): Function for calculating the loss, which should accept logits and labels.
+            stratifiers (Optional[List[embedding_config_mod.StratifierConfig]]): A list of stratifier configurations
+                for metrics stratification.
     """
     super().__init__()
     self.model = model

projects/home/recap/model/numeric_calibration.py

@@ -2,11 +2,57 @@ import torch
 
 
 class NumericCalibration(torch.nn.Module):
+  """
+    Numeric calibration module for adjusting probability scores.
+
+    This module scales probability scores to correct for imbalanced datasets, where positive and negative samples
+    may be underrepresented or have different ratios. It is designed to be used as a component in a neural network
+    for tasks such as binary classification.
+
+    Args:
+        pos_downsampling_rate (float): The downsampling rate for positive samples.
+        neg_downsampling_rate (float): The downsampling rate for negative samples.
+
+    Example:
+        To use `NumericCalibration` in a PyTorch model, you can create an instance of it and apply it to probability
+        scores like this:
+
+        ```python
+        # Create a NumericCalibration instance with downsampling rates
+        calibration = NumericCalibration(pos_downsampling_rate=0.1, neg_downsampling_rate=0.2)
+
+        # Generate probability scores (e.g., from a neural network)
+        raw_probs = torch.tensor([0.8, 0.6, 0.2, 0.9])
+
+        # Apply numeric calibration to adjust the probabilities
+        calibrated_probs = calibration(raw_probs)
+
+        # The `calibrated_probs` now contains the adjusted probability scores
+        ```
+
+    Note:
+        The `NumericCalibration` module is used to adjust probability scores to account for differences in
+        the number of positive and negative samples in a dataset. It can help improve the calibration of
+        probability estimates in imbalanced classification problems.
+
+    Warning:
+        This class is intended for internal use within neural network architectures and should not be
+        directly accessed or modified by external code.
+    """
   def __init__(
     self,
     pos_downsampling_rate: float,
     neg_downsampling_rate: float,
   ):
+    """
+        Apply numeric calibration to probability scores.
+
+        Args:
+            probs (torch.Tensor): Probability scores to be calibrated.
+
+        Returns:
+            torch.Tensor: Calibrated probability scores.
+        """
     super().__init__()
 
     # Using buffer to make sure they are on correct device (and not moved every time).

projects/home/recap/optimizer/config.py

@@ -9,12 +9,60 @@ import pydantic
 
 
 class RecapAdamConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
+  """
+    Configuration settings for the Adam optimizer used in Recap.
+
+    Args:
+        beta_1 (float): Momentum term (default: 0.9).
+        beta_2 (float): Exponential weighted decay factor (default: 0.999).
+        epsilon (float): Numerical stability in the denominator (default: 1e-7).
+
+    Example:
+        To define an Adam optimizer configuration for Recap, use:
+
+        ```python
+        adam_config = RecapAdamConfig(beta_1=0.9, beta_2=0.999, epsilon=1e-7)
+        ```
+
+    Note:
+        This class configures the parameters of the Adam optimizer, which is commonly used for optimizing neural networks.
+
+    Warning:
+        This class is intended for internal use within Recap and should not be directly accessed or modified by external code.
+    """
+  
   beta_1: float = 0.9  # Momentum term.
   beta_2: float = 0.999  # Exponential weighted decay factor.
   epsilon: float = 1e-7  # Numerical stability in denominator.
 
 
 class MultiTaskLearningRates(base_config.BaseConfig):
+  """
+    Configuration settings for multiple learning rates in Recap.
+
+    Args:
+        tower_learning_rates (Dict[str, optimizers_config_mod.LearningRate]): Learning rates for different towers of the model.
+        backbone_learning_rate (optimizers_config_mod.LearningRate): Learning rate for the model's backbone (default: None).
+
+    Example:
+        To define multiple learning rates for different towers in Recap, use:
+
+        ```python
+        multi_task_lr = MultiTaskLearningRates(
+            tower_learning_rates={
+                'task1': learning_rate1,
+                'task2': learning_rate2,
+            },
+            backbone_learning_rate=backbone_lr,
+        )
+        ```
+
+    Note:
+        This class allows specifying different learning rates for different parts of the model, including task-specific towers and the backbone.
+
+    Warning:
+        This class is intended for internal use within Recap and should not be directly accessed or modified by external code.
+    """
   tower_learning_rates: typing.Dict[str, optimizers_config_mod.LearningRate] = pydantic.Field(
     description="Learning rates for different towers of the model."
   )
@@ -25,6 +73,30 @@ class MultiTaskLearningRates(base_config.BaseConfig):
 
 
 class RecapOptimizerConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
+  """
+    Configuration settings for the Recap optimizer.
+
+    Args:
+        multi_task_learning_rates (MultiTaskLearningRates): Multiple learning rates for different tasks (optional).
+        single_task_learning_rate (optimizers_config_mod.LearningRate): Learning rate for a single task (optional).
+        adam (RecapAdamConfig): Configuration settings for the Adam optimizer.
+
+    Example:
+        To define an optimizer configuration for training with Recap, use:
+
+        ```python
+        optimizer_config = RecapOptimizerConfig(
+            multi_task_learning_rates=multi_task_lr,
+            single_task_learning_rate=single_task_lr,
+            adam=adam_config,
+        )
+        ```
+
+    Warning:
+        This class is intended for internal use to configure the optimizer settings within Recap and should not be
+        directly accessed by external code.
+    """
+
   multi_task_learning_rates: MultiTaskLearningRates = pydantic.Field(
     None, description="Multiple learning rates for different tasks.", one_of="lr"
   )

projects/home/recap/optimizer/optimizer.py

@@ -23,12 +23,30 @@ _DENSE_EMBEDDINGS = "dense_ebc"
 
 
 class RecapLRShim(torch.optim.lr_scheduler._LRScheduler):
-  """Shim to get learning rates into a LRScheduler.
-
-  This adheres to the torch.optim scheduler API and can be plugged anywhere that
-  e.g. exponential decay can be used.
-
   """
+    A shim to get learning rates into a LRScheduler.
+
+    This class adheres to the torch.optim scheduler API and can be plugged into any scheduler that supports
+    learning rate schedules, such as exponential decay.
+
+    Args:
+        optimizer: The optimizer to which this scheduler is applied.
+        lr_dict (Dict[str, config.LearningRate]): A dictionary mapping group names to learning rate configurations.
+        emb_learning_rate: The learning rate for embeddings (optional).
+        last_epoch (int): The index of the last epoch (default: -1).
+        verbose (bool): If True, print warnings for deprecated functions (default: False).
+
+    Example:
+        To create a RecapLRShim scheduler for an optimizer and a dictionary of learning rates, use:
+
+        ```python
+        scheduler = RecapLRShim(optimizer, lr_dict, emb_learning_rate)
+        ```
+
+    Warning:
+        This class is intended for internal use to handle learning rate scheduling within Recap training and should not
+        be directly accessed by external code.
+    """
 
   def __init__(
     self,
@@ -80,15 +98,25 @@ def build_optimizer(
   optimizer_config: config.OptimizerConfig,
   emb_optimizer_config: None = None,  # Optional[EmbeddingOptimizerConfig] = None,
 ):
-  """Builds an optimizer and scheduler.
-
-  Args:
-    model: A torch model, probably with DDP/DMP.
-    optimizer_config: An OptimizerConfig object that specifies learning rates per tower.
-
-  Returns:
-    A torch.optim instance, and a scheduler instance.
   """
+    Build an optimizer and scheduler for training.
+
+    Args:
+        model: The torch model, possibly with DDP/DMP.
+        optimizer_config (config.OptimizerConfig): Configuration settings for the optimizer.
+        emb_optimizer_config: Configuration settings for embedding optimization (optional).
+
+    Returns:
+        torch.optim.Optimizer: The optimizer for training.
+        RecapLRShim: The learning rate scheduler for the optimizer.
+
+    Example:
+        To build an optimizer and scheduler for training, use:
+
+        ```python
+        optimizer, scheduler = build_optimizer(model, optimizer_config, emb_optimizer_config)
+        ```
+    """
   optimizer_fn = functools.partial(
     torch.optim.Adam,
     lr=_DEFAULT_LR,

projects/twhin/data/config.py

@@ -4,6 +4,17 @@ import pydantic
 
 
 class TwhinDataConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
+  """
+    Configuration for Twhin model training data.
+
+    Args:
+        data_root (str): The root directory for the training data.
+        per_replica_batch_size (pydantic.PositiveInt): Batch size per replica.
+        global_negatives (int): The number of global negatives.
+        in_batch_negatives (int): The number of in-batch negatives.
+        limit (pydantic.PositiveInt): The limit on the number of data points to use.
+        offset (pydantic.PositiveInt, optional): The offset to start reading from. Default is None.
+    """
   data_root: str
   per_replica_batch_size: pydantic.PositiveInt
   global_negatives: int

projects/twhin/data/data.py

@@ -4,6 +4,16 @@ from tml.projects.twhin.data.edges import EdgesDataset
 
 
 def create_dataset(data_config: TwhinDataConfig, model_config: TwhinModelConfig):
+  """
+    Create a dataset for Twhin model training.
+
+    Args:
+        data_config (TwhinDataConfig): The data configuration for the dataset.
+        model_config (TwhinModelConfig): The model configuration containing embeddings and relations.
+
+    Returns:
+        EdgesDataset: The dataset for Twhin model training.
+    """
   tables = model_config.embeddings.tables
   table_sizes = {table.name: table.num_embeddings for table in tables}
   relations = model_config.relations

projects/twhin/data/edges.py

@@ -15,6 +15,15 @@ from torchrec.sparse.jagged_tensor import KeyedJaggedTensor
 
 @dataclass
 class EdgeBatch(DataclassBatch):
+  """
+    Batch data structure for edge-based models.
+
+    Args:
+        nodes (KeyedJaggedTensor): A KeyedJaggedTensor containing node embeddings.
+        labels (torch.Tensor): Tensor containing labels.
+        rels (torch.Tensor): Tensor containing relation information.
+        weights (torch.Tensor): Tensor containing weights.
+    """
   nodes: KeyedJaggedTensor
   labels: torch.Tensor
   rels: torch.Tensor
@@ -22,6 +31,18 @@ class EdgeBatch(DataclassBatch):
 
 
 class EdgesDataset(Dataset):
+  """
+    Dataset for edge-based models.
+
+    Args:
+        file_pattern (str): The file pattern for the dataset.
+        table_sizes (Dict[str, int]): A dictionary of table names and their sizes.
+        relations (List[Relation]): A list of relations between tables.
+        lhs_column_name (str): The name of the left-hand-side column.
+        rhs_column_name (str): The name of the right-hand-side column.
+        rel_column_name (str): The name of the relation column.
+        **dataset_kwargs: Additional keyword arguments for the parent Dataset class.
+    """
   rng = np.random.default_rng()
 
   def __init__(
@@ -56,6 +77,15 @@ class EdgesDataset(Dataset):
     super().__init__(file_pattern=file_pattern, **dataset_kwargs)
 
   def pa_to_batch(self, batch: pa.RecordBatch):
+    """
+        Converts a pyarrow RecordBatch to an EdgeBatch.
+
+        Args:
+            batch (pa.RecordBatch): A pyarrow RecordBatch containing data.
+
+        Returns:
+            EdgeBatch: An EdgeBatch containing node embeddings, labels, relations, and weights.
+        """
     lhs = torch.from_numpy(batch.column(self.lhs_column_name).to_numpy())
     rhs = torch.from_numpy(batch.column(self.rhs_column_name).to_numpy())
     rel = torch.from_numpy(batch.column(self.rel_column_name).to_numpy())
@@ -74,6 +104,14 @@ class EdgesDataset(Dataset):
   ) -> Tuple[KeyedJaggedTensor, List[Tuple[int, int]]]:
 
     """Process edges that contain lhs index, rhs index, relation index.
+
+    Args:
+      lhs (torch.Tensor): Tensor containing left-hand-side indices.
+      rhs (torch.Tensor): Tensor containing right-hand-side indices.
+      rel (torch.Tensor): Tensor containing relation indices.
+
+    Returns:
+      Tuple[KeyedJaggedTensor, List[Tuple[int, int]]]: A KeyedJaggedTensor and relation index pairs.
     Example:
 
     ```
@@ -147,6 +185,12 @@ class EdgesDataset(Dataset):
     return KeyedJaggedTensor(keys=self.table_names, values=values, lengths=lengths)
 
   def to_batches(self):
+    """
+        Converts data to batches.
+
+        Yields:
+            pa.RecordBatch: A pyarrow RecordBatch containing data.
+        """
     ds = super().to_batches()
     batch_size = self._dataset_kwargs["batch_size"]
 

projects/twhin/data/test_edges.py

@@ -23,6 +23,25 @@ RELATIONS = [
 
 
 def test_gen():
+  """Test function for generating edge-based datasets and dataloaders.
+
+    This function generates a synthetic dataset and tests the creation of an `EdgesDataset`
+    instance and a dataloader for it.
+
+    The test includes the following steps:
+    1. Create synthetic data with left-hand-side (lhs), right-hand-side (rhs), and relation (rel) columns.
+    2. Write the synthetic data to a Parquet file.
+    3. Create an `EdgesDataset` instance with the Parquet file pattern, table sizes, relations, and batch size.
+    4. Initialize the local file system for the dataset.
+    5. Create a dataloader for the dataset and retrieve the first batch.
+    6. Assert that the labels in the batch are positive.
+    7. Verify that the positive examples in the batch match the expected values.
+
+    This function serves as a test case for the data generation and dataset creation process.
+
+    Raises:
+        AssertionError: If any of the test assertions fail.
+    """
   import os
   import tempfile
 

projects/twhin/models/config.py

@@ -10,8 +10,29 @@ from pydantic import validator
 
 
 class TwhinEmbeddingsConfig(LargeEmbeddingsConfig):
+  """
+    Configuration class for Twhin model embeddings.
+
+    This class inherits from LargeEmbeddingsConfig and ensures that the embedding dimensions and data types
+    for all tables in the Twhin model embeddings configuration match.
+
+    Attributes:
+        tables (List[TableConfig]): A list of table configurations for the model's embeddings.
+    """
   @validator("tables")
   def embedding_dims_match(cls, tables):
+    """
+        Validate that embedding dimensions and data types match for all tables.
+
+        Args:
+            tables (List[TableConfig]): List of table configurations.
+
+        Returns:
+            List[TableConfig]: The list of validated table configurations.
+
+        Raises:
+            AssertionError: If embedding dimensions or data types do not match.
+        """
     embedding_dim = tables[0].embedding_dim
     data_type = tables[0].data_type
     for table in tables:
@@ -21,11 +42,26 @@ class TwhinEmbeddingsConfig(LargeEmbeddingsConfig):
 
 
 class Operator(str, enum.Enum):
+  """
+    Enumeration of operator types.
+
+    This enumeration defines different types of operators that can be applied to Twhin model relations.
+    """
   TRANSLATION = "translation"
 
 
 class Relation(pydantic.BaseModel):
-  """graph relationship properties and operator"""
+  """
+    Configuration class for graph relationships in the Twhin model.
+
+    This class defines properties and operators for graph relationships in the Twhin model.
+
+    Attributes:
+        name (str): The name of the relationship.
+        lhs (str): The name of the entity on the left-hand side of the relation.
+        rhs (str): The name of the entity on the right-hand side of the relation.
+        operator (Operator): The transformation operator to apply to the left-hand side embedding before dot product.
+    """
 
   name: str = pydantic.Field(..., description="Relationship name.")
   lhs: str = pydantic.Field(
@@ -42,12 +78,35 @@ class Relation(pydantic.BaseModel):
 
 
 class TwhinModelConfig(base_config.BaseConfig):
+  """
+    Configuration class for the Twhin model.
+
+    This class defines configuration options specific to the Twhin model.
+
+    Attributes:
+        embeddings (TwhinEmbeddingsConfig): Configuration for the model's embeddings.
+        relations (List[Relation]): List of graph relationship configurations.
+        translation_optimizer (OptimizerConfig): Configuration for the optimizer used for translation.
+    """
   embeddings: TwhinEmbeddingsConfig
   relations: typing.List[Relation]
   translation_optimizer: OptimizerConfig
 
   @validator("relations", each_item=True)
   def valid_node_types(cls, relation, values, **kwargs):
+    """
+        Validate that the specified node types in relations are valid table names in embeddings.
+
+        Args:
+            relation (Relation): A single relation configuration.
+            values (dict): The values dictionary containing the "embeddings" configuration.
+
+        Returns:
+            Relation: The validated relation configuration.
+
+        Raises:
+            AssertionError: If the specified node types are not valid table names in embeddings.
+        """
     table_names = [table.name for table in values["embeddings"].tables]
     assert relation.lhs in table_names, f"Invalid lhs node type: {relation.lhs}"
     assert relation.rhs in table_names, f"Invalid rhs node type: {relation.rhs}"

projects/twhin/models/models.py

@@ -14,6 +14,28 @@ from torchrec.optim.apply_optimizer_in_backward import apply_optimizer_in_backwa
 
 
 class TwhinModel(nn.Module):
+  """
+    Twhin model for graph-based entity embeddings and translation.
+
+    This class defines the Twhin model, which is used for learning embeddings of entities in a graph
+    and applying translations to these embeddings based on graph relationships.
+
+    Args:
+        model_config (TwhinModelConfig): Configuration for the Twhin model.
+        data_config (TwhinDataConfig): Configuration for the data used by the model.
+
+    Attributes:
+        batch_size (int): The batch size used for training.
+        table_names (List[str]): Names of tables in the model's embeddings.
+        large_embeddings (LargeEmbeddings): LargeEmbeddings instance for entity embeddings.
+        embedding_dim (int): Dimensionality of entity embeddings.
+        num_tables (int): Number of tables in the model's embeddings.
+        in_batch_negatives (int): Number of in-batch negative samples to use during training.
+        global_negatives (int): Number of global negative samples to use during training.
+        num_relations (int): Number of graph relationships in the model.
+        all_trans_embs (torch.nn.Parameter): Parameter tensor for translation embeddings.
+
+    """
   def __init__(self, model_config: TwhinModelConfig, data_config: TwhinDataConfig):
     super().__init__()
     self.batch_size = data_config.per_replica_batch_size
@@ -31,7 +53,17 @@ class TwhinModel(nn.Module):
     )
 
   def forward(self, batch: EdgeBatch):
+    """
+        Forward pass of the Twhin model.
 
+        Args:
+            batch (EdgeBatch): Input batch containing graph edge information.
+
+        Returns:
+            dict: A dictionary containing model output with "logits" and "probabilities".
+                - "logits" (torch.Tensor): Logit scores.
+                - "probabilities" (torch.Tensor): Sigmoid probabilities.
+        """
     # B x D
     trans_embs = self.all_trans_embs.data[batch.rels]
 
@@ -98,6 +130,18 @@ class TwhinModel(nn.Module):
 
 
 def apply_optimizers(model: TwhinModel, model_config: TwhinModelConfig):
+  """
+    Apply optimizers to the Twhin model's embeddings.
+
+    This function applies optimizers to the embeddings of the Twhin model based on the provided configuration.
+
+    Args:
+        model (TwhinModel): The Twhin model to apply optimizers to.
+        model_config (TwhinModelConfig): Configuration for the Twhin model.
+
+    Returns:
+        TwhinModel: The Twhin model with optimizers applied to its embeddings.
+    """
   for table in model_config.embeddings.tables:
     optimizer_class = get_optimizer_class(table.optimizer)
     optimizer_kwargs = get_optimizer_algorithm_config(table.optimizer).dict()
@@ -124,10 +168,14 @@ class TwhinModelAndLoss(torch.nn.Module):
     device: torch.device,
   ) -> None:
     """
-    Args:
+        Initialize a TwhinModelAndLoss module.
-      model: torch module to wrap.
+
-      loss_fn: Function for calculating loss, should accept logits and labels.
+        Args:
-    """
+            model: The torch module to wrap.
+            loss_fn: A function for calculating loss, should accept logits and labels.
+            data_config: Configuration for Twhin data.
+            device: The torch device to use for calculations.
+        """
     super().__init__()
     self.model = model
     self.loss_fn = loss_fn
@@ -136,14 +184,21 @@ class TwhinModelAndLoss(torch.nn.Module):
     self.device = device
 
   def forward(self, batch: "RecapBatch"):  # type: ignore[name-defined]
-    """Runs model forward and calculates loss according to given loss_fn.
-
-    NOTE: The input signature here needs to be a Pipelineable object for
-    prefetching purposes during training using torchrec's pipeline.  However
-    the underlying model signature needs to be exportable to onnx, requiring
-    generic python types.  see https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/onnx.html#types.
-
     """
+        Run the model forward and calculate the loss according to the given loss_fn.
+
+        NOTE: The input signature here needs to be a Pipelineable object for
+        prefetching purposes during training using torchrec's pipeline.  However
+        the underlying model signature needs to be exportable to onnx, requiring
+        generic python types.  see https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/onnx.html#types
+
+        Args:
+            batch ("RecapBatch"): The input batch for model inference.
+
+        Returns:
+            Tuple[torch.Tensor, Dict[str, torch.Tensor]]: A tuple containing the loss tensor and a dictionary of
+            additional outputs including logits, labels, and weights.
+        """
     outputs = self.model(batch)
     logits = outputs["logits"]
 

projects/twhin/models/test_models.py

@@ -18,6 +18,12 @@ EMB_DIM = 128
 
 
 def twhin_model_config() -> TwhinModelConfig:
+  """
+    Create a configuration for the Twhin model.
+
+    Returns:
+        TwhinModelConfig: The Twhin model configuration.
+    """
   sgd_config_0 = OptimizerConfig(sgd=SgdConfig(lr=0.01))
   sgd_config_1 = OptimizerConfig(sgd=SgdConfig(lr=0.02))
 
@@ -52,6 +58,12 @@ def twhin_model_config() -> TwhinModelConfig:
 
 
 def twhin_data_config() -> TwhinDataConfig:
+  """
+    Create a configuration for the Twhin data.
+
+    Returns:
+        TwhinDataConfig: The Twhin data configuration.
+    """
   data_config = TwhinDataConfig(
     data_root="/",
     per_replica_batch_size=10,
@@ -65,6 +77,15 @@ def twhin_data_config() -> TwhinDataConfig:
 
 
 def test_twhin_model():
+  """
+    Test the Twhin model creation and optimization.
+
+    This function creates a Twhin model using the specified configuration and tests its optimization. It also checks
+    the device placement of model parameters.
+
+    Returns:
+        None
+    """
   model_config = twhin_model_config()
   loss_fn = F.binary_cross_entropy_with_logits
 
@@ -84,6 +105,23 @@ def test_twhin_model():
 
 
 def test_unequal_dims():
+  """
+    Test function for validating unequal embedding dimensions in TwhinEmbeddingsConfig.
+
+    This function tests whether the validation logic correctly raises a `ValidationError` when
+    embedding dimensions in the `TwhinEmbeddingsConfig` are not equal for all tables.
+
+    The test includes the following steps:
+    1. Create two embedding configurations with different embedding dimensions.
+    2. Attempt to create a `TwhinEmbeddingsConfig` instance with the unequal embedding dimensions.
+    3. Assert that a `ValidationError` is raised, indicating that embedding dimensions must match.
+
+    This function serves as a test case to ensure that the validation logic enforces equal embedding dimensions
+    in the `TwhinEmbeddingsConfig` for all tables.
+
+    Raises:
+        AssertionError: If the expected `ValidationError` is not raised.
+    """
   sgd_config_1 = OptimizerConfig(sgd=SgdConfig(lr=0.02))
   sgd_config_2 = OptimizerConfig(sgd=SgdConfig(lr=0.05))
   table0 = EmbeddingBagConfig(

projects/twhin/optimizer.py

@@ -15,6 +15,14 @@ TRANSLATION_OPT_KEY = "operator_opt"
 
 
 def _lr_from_config(optimizer_config):
+  """Get the learning rate from an optimizer configuration.
+
+    Args:
+        optimizer_config: Optimizer configuration.
+
+    Returns:
+        Learning rate from the optimizer configuration.
+    """
   if optimizer_config.learning_rate is not None:
     return optimizer_config.learning_rate
   else:
@@ -26,13 +34,13 @@ def _lr_from_config(optimizer_config):
 def build_optimizer(model: TwhinModel, config: TwhinModelConfig):
   """Builds an optimizer for a Twhin model combining the embeddings optimizer with an optimizer for per-relation translations.
 
-  Args:
+    Args:
-    model: TwhinModel to build optimizer for.
+        model: TwhinModel to build optimizer for.
-    config: TwhinConfig for model.
+        config: TwhinModelConfig for model.
 
-  Returns:
+    Returns:
-    Optimizer for model.
+        Optimizer for model.
-  """
+    """
   translation_optimizer_fn = functools.partial(
     get_optimizer_class(config.translation_optimizer),
     **get_optimizer_algorithm_config(config.translation_optimizer).dict(),

projects/twhin/run.py

@@ -37,6 +37,12 @@ def run(
   all_config: TwhinConfig,
   save_dir: Optional[str] = None,
 ):
+  """Run the training process for TwhinModel.
+
+  Args:
+    all_config (TwhinConfig): The configuration for the entire Twhin model.
+    save_dir (str, optional): The directory where model checkpoints will be saved. Defaults to None.
+  """
   train_dataset = create_dataset(all_config.train_data, all_config.model)
 
   if env.is_reader():
@@ -80,6 +86,11 @@ def run(
 
 
 def main(argv):
+  """Main entry point for the Twhin training script.
+
+  Args:
+    argv: Command-line arguments.
+  """
   logging.info("Starting")
 
   logging.info(f"parsing config from {FLAGS.config_yaml_path}...")

reader/dataset.py

@@ -25,14 +25,58 @@ from tml.ml_logging.torch_logging import logging
 
 
 class _Reader(pa.flight.FlightServerBase):
-  """Distributed reader flight server wrapping a dataset."""
+  """
+    Distributed reader flight server wrapping a dataset.
+
+    This class implements a Flight server that wraps a dataset, allowing clients to retrieve data
+    from the dataset over the Flight protocol. It is designed to be used in a distributed environment
+    for efficient data access.
+
+    Args:
+        location (str): The location of the Flight server.
+        ds (Dataset): The dataset to be wrapped by the Flight server.
+
+    Attributes:
+        _location (str): The location of the Flight server.
+        _ds (Dataset): The dataset wrapped by the Flight server.
+
+    Methods:
+        do_get(_, __): Handles Flight requests for data retrieval.
+
+    Note:
+        Flight is an Apache Arrow project that provides a framework for efficient data transfer.
+        This class allows clients to retrieve data from the dataset using Flight.
+
+    """
 
   def __init__(self, location: str, ds: "Dataset"):
+    """
+        Initialize a new _Reader instance.
+
+        Args:
+            location (str): The location of the Flight server.
+            ds (Dataset): The dataset to be wrapped by the Flight server.
+        """
     super().__init__(location=location)
     self._location = location
     self._ds = ds
 
   def do_get(self, _, __):
+    """
+        Handle Flight requests for data retrieval.
+
+        This method retrieves data from the wrapped dataset and provides it to clients over the Flight protocol.
+
+        Args:
+            _: Unused argument.
+            __: Unused argument.
+
+        Returns:
+            pa.flight.RecordBatchStream: A stream of record batches containing data from the dataset.
+
+        Note:
+            An updated schema (to account for column selection) must be given to the stream.
+        """
     # NB: An updated schema (to account for column selection) has to be given the stream.
     schema = next(iter(self._ds.to_batches())).schema
     batches = self._ds.to_batches()
@@ -46,13 +90,49 @@ class _Reader(pa.flight.FlightServerBase):
 
 
 class Dataset(torch.utils.data.IterableDataset):
+  """
+    A PyTorch IterableDataset wrapping a Parquet dataset for efficient data loading.
+
+    This class enables efficient loading of data from Parquet files using PyArrow.
+    It is designed to be used as an IterableDataset in PyTorch for training and inference.
+
+    Args:
+        file_pattern (str): A glob pattern specifying the Parquet files to include in the dataset.
+        **dataset_kwargs: Additional keyword arguments passed to PyArrow's `to_batches` method.
+                         Refer to https://arrow.apache.org/docs/python/generated/pyarrow.dataset.Scanner.html#pyarrow.dataset.Scanner.from_dataset
+                         for more details.
+
+    Attributes:
+        LOCATION (str): The default location for the Flight server used for data distribution.
+        _file_pattern (str): The glob pattern specifying Parquet files in the dataset.
+        _fs: The filesystem object used for file operations.
+        _dataset_kwargs (dict): Additional keyword arguments passed to PyArrow's `to_batches` method.
+        _files (list): A list of file paths matching the glob pattern.
+        _schema (pa.Schema): The schema of the Parquet dataset.
+
+    Methods:
+        serve(): Start serving the dataset using a Flight server.
+        to_batches(): Generate batches of data from the Parquet dataset.
+        pa_to_batch(batch: pa.RecordBatch) -> DataclassBatch: Convert a Parquet RecordBatch to a custom data batch.
+        dataloader(remote: bool = False): Create a PyTorch DataLoader for iterating through the dataset.
+
+    Note:
+        This class efficiently loads data from Parquet files using PyArrow, and it can be used with PyTorch
+        to create DataLoader instances for training or inference.
+    """
   LOCATION = "grpc://0.0.0.0:2222"
 
   def __init__(self, file_pattern: str, **dataset_kwargs) -> None:
-    """Specify batch size and column to select for.
+    """
+    Initialize a new Dataset instance. Specify batch size and column to select for.
 
     Refer to https://arrow.apache.org/docs/python/generated/pyarrow.dataset.Scanner.html#pyarrow.dataset.Scanner.from_dataset.
-    """
+
+
+        Args:
+            file_pattern (str): A glob pattern specifying the Parquet files to include in the dataset.
+            **dataset_kwargs: Additional keyword arguments passed to PyArrow's `to_batches` method.
+        """
     self._file_pattern = file_pattern
     self._fs = infer_fs(self._file_pattern)
     self._dataset_kwargs = dataset_kwargs
@@ -64,16 +144,25 @@ class Dataset(torch.utils.data.IterableDataset):
     self._validate_columns()
 
   def _validate_columns(self):
+    """
+        Validate the specified columns against the dataset schema.
+
+        Raises:
+            Exception: If any specified columns are not found in the dataset schema.
+        """
     columns = set(self._dataset_kwargs.get("columns", []))
     wrong_columns = set(columns) - set(self._schema.names)
     if wrong_columns:
       raise Exception(f"Specified columns {list(wrong_columns)} not in schema.")
 
   def serve(self):
+    """Start serving the dataset using a Flight server."""
     self.reader = _Reader(location=self.LOCATION, ds=self)
     self.reader.serve()
 
   def _create_dataset(self):
+    """Create a PyArrow dataset for data retrieval."""
+
     return pads.dataset(
       source=random.sample(self._files, len(self._files))[0],
       format="parquet",
@@ -100,9 +189,33 @@ class Dataset(torch.utils.data.IterableDataset):
 
   @abc.abstractmethod
   def pa_to_batch(self, batch: pa.RecordBatch) -> DataclassBatch:
+    """
+        Convert a Parquet RecordBatch to a custom data batch.
+
+        Args:
+            batch (pa.RecordBatch): A batch of data from the Parquet dataset.
+
+        Returns:
+            DataclassBatch: A custom data batch used in PyTorch training.
+
+        Raises:
+            NotImplementedError: This method must be implemented in derived classes.
+        """
     raise NotImplementedError
 
   def dataloader(self, remote: bool = False):
+    """
+        Create a PyTorch DataLoader for iterating through the dataset.
+
+        Args:
+            remote (bool, optional): If True, create a remote DataLoader using Flight for distributed training.
+
+        Returns:
+            DataLoader: A PyTorch DataLoader for iterating through the dataset.
+
+        Note:
+            If `remote` is True, a remote DataLoader is created for distributed training using Flight.
+        """
     if not remote:
       return map(self.pa_to_batch, self.to_batches())
     readers = get_readers(2)
@@ -117,6 +230,25 @@ GRPC_OPTIONS = [
 
 
 def get_readers(num_readers_per_worker: int):
+  """
+    Get Flight readers for distributed data loading.
+
+    This function retrieves Flight readers for distributed data loading in a PyTorch environment.
+
+    Args:
+        num_readers_per_worker (int): The number of Flight readers to retrieve per worker.
+
+    Returns:
+        List[pa.RecordBatchFileReader]: A list of Flight readers for distributed data loading.
+
+    Note:
+        Flight readers are used to fetch data in a distributed manner for efficient data loading.
+
+    Example:
+        To obtain Flight readers, use the following code:
+
+        >>> readers = get_readers(num_readers_per_worker=2)
+    """
   addresses = env.get_flight_server_addresses()
 
   readers = []

reader/dds.py

@@ -21,6 +21,16 @@ import torch.distributed as dist
 
 
 def maybe_start_dataset_service():
+  """
+    Start the dataset service if readers are available and required dependencies are met.
+
+    This function checks if readers are available and if the required TensorFlow version is >= 2.5.
+    If both conditions are met and the current environment is the dispatcher or reader, it starts
+    the TensorFlow dataset service.
+
+    Raises:
+        Exception: If the required TensorFlow version is not met (>= 2.5).
+    """
   if not env.has_readers():
     return
 
@@ -59,6 +69,24 @@ def maybe_start_dataset_service():
 def register_dataset(
   dataset: tf.data.Dataset, dataset_service: str, compression: Optional[str] = "AUTO"
 ):
+  """
+    Register a dataset with the distributed dataset service.
+
+    This function registers a dataset with the distributed dataset service and broadcasts the dataset ID
+    and job name to all processes in the distributed environment.
+
+    Args:
+        dataset (tf.data.Dataset): The dataset to be registered.
+        dataset_service (str): The name of the dataset service.
+        compression (Optional[str]): The compression type for the dataset (default is "AUTO").
+
+    Returns:
+        Tuple[int, str]: A tuple containing the dataset ID and job name.
+
+    Note:
+        This function should be called on the rank 0 process.
+
+    """
   if dist.get_rank() == 0:
     dataset_id = _register_dataset(
       service=dataset_service,
@@ -82,6 +110,23 @@ def distribute_from_dataset_id(
   compression: Optional[str] = "AUTO",
   prefetch: Optional[int] = tf.data.experimental.AUTOTUNE,
 ) -> tf.data.Dataset:
+  """
+    Distribute a dataset from a registered dataset ID.
+
+    This function consumes a dataset from the distributed dataset service using the provided dataset ID
+    and job name. It also supports prefetching for improved performance.
+
+    Args:
+        dataset_service (str): The name of the dataset service.
+        dataset_id (int): The ID of the dataset to be consumed.
+        job_name (Optional[str]): The name of the job associated with the dataset (optional).
+        compression (Optional[str]): The compression type for the dataset (default is "AUTO").
+        prefetch (Optional[int]): The number of elements to prefetch (default is tf.data.experimental.AUTOTUNE).
+
+    Returns:
+        tf.data.Dataset: The distributed dataset.
+
+    """
   logging.info(f"rank{dist.get_rank()}: Consuming dds job with {dataset_id}, {job_name}")
   dataset = _from_dataset_id(
     processing_mode="parallel_epochs",
@@ -97,15 +142,28 @@ def distribute_from_dataset_id(
 
 
 def maybe_distribute_dataset(dataset: tf.data.Dataset) -> tf.data.Dataset:
-  """Torch-compatible and distributed-training-aware dataset service distributor.
-
-  - rank 0 process will register the given dataset.
-  - rank 0 process will broadcast job name and dataset id.
-  - all rank processes will consume from the same job/dataset.
-
-  Without this, dataset workers will try to serve 1 job per rank process and OOM.
-
   """
+    Distribute a TensorFlow dataset for Torch-compatible and distributed training-aware consumption.
+
+    This function is used to distribute a dataset in a distributed training environment. It performs the
+    following steps:
+    - On the rank 0 process, it registers the given dataset with the distributed dataset service.
+    - It broadcasts the job name and dataset ID to all rank processes.
+    - All rank processes then consume the same dataset from the distributed dataset service.
+
+    Args:
+        dataset (tf.data.Dataset): The TensorFlow dataset to be distributed.
+
+    Returns:
+        tf.data.Dataset: The distributed TensorFlow dataset.
+
+    Note:
+        - If there are no reader processes in the distributed environment, the original dataset is returned
+          without any distribution.
+        - This function is intended for use in distributed training environments to prevent out-of-memory (OOM)
+          issues caused by each rank process trying to serve one job.
+
+    """
   if not env.has_readers():
     return dataset
   dataset_service = env.get_dds()

reader/test_dataset.py

@@ -12,6 +12,17 @@ import torch
 
 
 def create_dataset(tmpdir):
+  """
+    Create a mock dataset for testing.
+
+    This function creates a mock dataset using PyArrow and Parquet for testing purposes.
+
+    Args:
+        tmpdir: A temporary directory where the dataset will be created.
+
+    Returns:
+        MockDataset: A mock dataset for testing.
+    """
 
   table = pa.table(
     {
@@ -34,6 +45,14 @@ def create_dataset(tmpdir):
 
 
 def test_dataset(tmpdir):
+  """
+    Test the created dataset.
+
+    This function tests the created mock dataset and checks if it behaves as expected.
+
+    Args:
+        tmpdir: A temporary directory used for testing.
+    """
   ds = create_dataset(tmpdir)
   batch = next(iter(ds.dataloader(remote=False)))
   assert batch.batch_size == 2
@@ -46,6 +65,14 @@ def test_dataset(tmpdir):
   reason="Multiprocessing doesn't work on github yet.",
 )
 def test_distributed_dataset(tmpdir):
+  """
+    Test the distributed dataset.
+
+    This function tests the distributed version of the mock dataset using multiprocessing.
+
+    Args:
+        tmpdir: A temporary directory used for testing.
+    """
   MOCK_ENV = {"TEMP_SLURM_NUM_READERS": "1"}
 
   def _client():

reader/utils.py

@@ -11,11 +11,55 @@ import torch
 
 
 def roundrobin(*iterables):
-  """Round robin through provided iterables, useful for simple load balancing.
-
-  Adapted from https://docs.python.org/3/library/itertools.html.
-
   """
+    Iterate through provided iterables in a round-robin fashion.
+
+    This function takes multiple iterables and returns an iterator that yields elements from
+    each iterable in a round-robin manner. It continues cycling through the iterables until
+    all of them are exhausted.
+
+    Adapted from https://docs.python.org/3/library/itertools.html.
+
+    Args:
+        *iterables: One or more iterable objects to iterate through.
+
+    Yields:
+        Elements from the provided iterables in a round-robin fashion.
+
+    Raises:
+        StopIteration: If all provided iterables are exhausted.
+
+    Example:
+        ```python
+        iterable1 = [1, 2, 3]
+        iterable2 = ['a', 'b', 'c']
+        iterable3 = [0.1, 0.2, 0.3]
+
+        for item in roundrobin(iterable1, iterable2, iterable3):
+            print(item)
+
+        # Output:
+        # 1
+        # 'a'
+        # 0.1
+        # 2
+        # 'b'
+        # 0.2
+        # 3
+        # 'c'
+        # 0.3
+        ```
+
+    Note:
+        - If one of the provided iterables is shorter than the others, the function will
+          continue iterating through the remaining iterables until all are exhausted.
+        - If an iterable raises an exception during iteration, a warning message is logged,
+          and the function continues with the next iterable.
+
+    See Also:
+        - `itertools.cycle`: A function that repeatedly cycles through elements of an iterable.
+        - `itertools.islice`: A function to slice an iterable to limit the number of iterations.
+    """
   num_active = len(iterables)
   nexts = itertools.cycle(iter(it).__next__ for it in iterables)
   while num_active:
@@ -35,6 +79,48 @@ def roundrobin(*iterables):
 
 
 def speed_check(data_loader, max_steps: int, frequency: int, peek: Optional[int]):
+  """
+    Monitor the speed and progress of data loading using a data loader.
+
+    This function iterates through a data loader for a specified number of steps or until
+    the end of the data loader is reached, periodically logging progress information.
+
+    Args:
+        data_loader: The data loader to monitor.
+        max_steps: The maximum number of steps to iterate through the data loader.
+        frequency: The frequency (in steps) at which to log progress.
+        peek (optional): If specified, it indicates the frequency (in steps) at which to log
+            batch contents for inspection.
+
+    Example:
+        ```python
+        import torch
+        from torch.utils.data import DataLoader
+
+        # Create a data loader (replace with your own DataLoader configuration)
+        data_loader = DataLoader(dataset, batch_size=32, shuffle=True)
+
+        # Monitor data loading speed and progress
+        speed_check(data_loader, max_steps=1000, frequency=50, peek=500)
+        ```
+
+    Args:
+        data_loader: The data loader to monitor.
+        max_steps: The maximum number of steps to iterate through the data loader.
+        frequency: The frequency (in steps) at which to log progress.
+        peek (optional): If specified, it indicates the frequency (in steps) at which to log
+            batch contents for inspection.
+
+    Note:
+        - The function logs information about elapsed time, the number of examples processed,
+          and the processing speed in examples per second.
+        - If `peek` is provided, batch contents will be logged for inspection at the specified
+          frequency.
+
+    See Also:
+        - `torch.utils.data.DataLoader`: PyTorch's data loading utility for batching and
+          iterating through datasets.
+    """
   num_examples = 0
   prev = time.perf_counter()
   for idx, batch in enumerate(data_loader):
@@ -57,11 +143,66 @@ def speed_check(data_loader, max_steps: int, frequency: int, peek: Optional[int]
 
 
 def pa_to_torch(array: pa.array) -> torch.Tensor:
+  """
+    Convert a PyArrow Array to a PyTorch Tensor.
+
+    Args:
+        array (pa.array): The PyArrow Array to convert.
+
+    Returns:
+        torch.Tensor: A PyTorch Tensor containing the data from the input PyArrow Array.
+
+    Example:
+        ```python
+        import pyarrow as pa
+        import torch
+
+        # Create a PyArrow Array
+        arrow_array = pa.array([1, 2, 3])
+
+        # Convert it to a PyTorch Tensor
+        torch_tensor = pa_to_torch(arrow_array)
+        ```
+    """
   return torch.from_numpy(array.to_numpy())
 
 
 def create_default_pa_to_batch(schema) -> DataclassBatch:
-  """ """
+  """
+    Create a function that converts a PyArrow RecordBatch to a custom DataclassBatch with imputed values for missing data.
+
+    Args:
+        schema (pa.Schema): The PyArrow schema describing the data structure of the RecordBatch.
+
+    Returns:
+        callable: A function that takes a PyArrow RecordBatch as input and returns a custom DataclassBatch.
+
+    Example:
+        ```python
+        import pyarrow as pa
+        from dataclass_batch import DataclassBatch
+
+        # Define a PyArrow schema
+        schema = pa.schema([
+            ("feature1", pa.float64()),
+            ("feature2", pa.int64()),
+            ("label", pa.int64()),
+        ])
+
+        # Create the conversion function
+        pa_to_batch = create_default_pa_to_batch(schema)
+
+        # Create a PyArrow RecordBatch
+        record_batch = pa.RecordBatch.from_pandas(pd.DataFrame({
+            "feature1": [1.0, 2.0, None],
+            "feature2": [10, 20, 30],
+            "label": [0, 1, None],
+        }))
+
+        # Convert the RecordBatch to a custom DataclassBatch
+        custom_batch = pa_to_batch(record_batch)
+        ```
+    """
   _CustomBatch = DataclassBatch.from_schema("DefaultBatch", schema=schema)
 
   def get_imputation_value(pa_type):