wiiqt/nandBinCheck/main.cpp

#include "../WiiQt/includes.h"
#include "../WiiQt/nandbin.h"
#include "../WiiQt/sharedcontentmap.h"
#include "../WiiQt/uidmap.h"
#include "../WiiQt/tools.h"
#include "../WiiQt/tiktmd.h"


//yippie for global variables
NandBin nand;
SharedContentMap sharedM;
UIDmap uidM;
QList< quint64 > tids;
QList< quint64 > validIoses;//dont put stubs in this list.
QTreeWidgetItem *root;
QList<quint16> fats;
quint32 verbose = 0;


bool CheckTitleIntegrity( quint64 tid );

void Usage()
{
    qDebug() << "usage" << QCoreApplication::arguments().at( 0 ) << "nand.bin" << "<other options>";
    qDebug() << "\nOther options:";
    qDebug() << "     -boot        shows information about boot 1 and 2";
    qDebug() << "     -fs          verify the filesystem is in tact";
    qDebug() << "                  verifies presence of uid & content.map & checks the hashes in the content.map";
    qDebug() << "                  check installed titles for RSA & sha1 validity";
    qDebug() << "                  check installed titles for required IOS, proper uid & gid";
    qDebug() << "     -clInfo      shows free, used, and lost ( marked used, but dont belong to any file ) clusters";
    qDebug() << "     -spare       calculate & compare ecc for all pages in the nand";
	qDebug() << "                  calculate & compare hmac signatures for all files and superblocks";
	qDebug() << "     -all         does all of the above";
	qDebug() << "     -v		   increase verbosity";
    exit( 1 );
}

void Fail( const QString& str )
{
    qDebug() << str;
    exit( 1 );
}

QString TidTxt( quint64 tid )
{
    return QString( "%1" ).arg( tid, 16, 16, QChar( '0' ) );
}

void ShowBootInfo( quint8 boot1, QList<Boot2Info> boot2stuff )
{
    switch( boot1 )
    {
    case BOOT_1_A:
        qDebug() << "Boot1 A (vulnerable)";
        break;
    case BOOT_1_B:
        qDebug() << "Boot1 B (vulnerable)";
        break;
    case BOOT_1_C:
        qDebug() << "Boot1 C (fixed)";
        break;
    case BOOT_1_D:
        qDebug() << "Boot1 D (fixed)";
        break;
    default:
        qDebug() << "unrecognized boot1 version";
        break;
    }
    quint16 cnt = boot2stuff.size();
    if( !cnt )
        Fail( "didnt find any boot2.  this nand wont work" );

    qDebug() << "found" << cnt << "copies of boot2";
    for( quint16 i = 0; i < cnt; i++ )
    {
        Boot2Info bi = boot2stuff.at( i );
        QString str = QString( "blocks %1 & %2: " ).arg( bi.firstBlock ).arg( bi.secondBlock );
        if( bi.state == BOOT_2_ERROR_PARSING || bi.state == BOOT_2_ERROR )
            str += "parsing error";
	    else if( bi.state == BOOT_2_BAD_SIGNATURE )
            str +=  "Bad RSA Signature";
	    else if( bi.state == BOOT_2_BAD_CONTENT_HASH )
            str += "Content hash doesn't match TMD";
	    else if( bi.state == BOOT_2_ERROR_PARSING )
            str += "Error parsing boot2";
	    else
	    {

            if( bi.state & BOOT_2_MARKED_BAD )
                str += "Marked as bad blocks; ";
            else if( bi.state & BOOT_2_USED_TO_BOOT )
            {
                str += "Used for booting; ";
                if( boot1 != BOOT_1_A && boot1 != BOOT_1_B
                    && (( bi.state & BOOT_2_TIK_FAKESIGNED) ||
                        ( bi.state & BOOT_2_TMD_FAKESIGNED ) ) )
                    Fail( "The version of boot1 installed doesn't have the strncmp bug and the copy of boot2 used for booting is fakesigned" );
            }
            else if( bi.state & BOOT_2_BACKUP_COPY )
                str += "Backup copy; ";


            str += "Content Sha1 matches TMD; ";

            if( bi.state & BOOT_2_TMD_FAKESIGNED )
                str += "TMD is fakesigned; ";
            else if( bi.state & BOOT_2_TMD_SIG_OK )
                str += "TMD officially signed; ";
            else
                str += "Error checking TMD; " ;

            if( bi.state & BOOT_2_TIK_FAKESIGNED )
                str += "Ticket is fakesigned; ";
            else if( bi.state & BOOT_2_TIK_SIG_OK )
                str += "Ticket officially signed; ";
            else
                str += "Error checking ticket; ";

            QString ver;
            switch( bi.version )
            {
            case BOOTMII_11:
                ver = "BootMii 1.1";
                break;
            case BOOTMII_13:
                ver = "BootMii 1.3";
                break;
            case BOOTMII_UNK:
                ver = "BootMii (Unk)";
                break;
            default:
                ver = QString( "Version %1" ).arg( bi.version );
                break;
            }
            str += ver;
	    }
	    qDebug() << str;
    }
}

QTreeWidgetItem *FindItem( const QString &s, QTreeWidgetItem *parent )
{
    int cnt = parent->childCount();
    for( int i = 0; i <cnt; i++ )
    {
        QTreeWidgetItem *r = parent->child( i );
        if( r->text( 0 ) == s )
        {
            return r;
        }
    }
    return NULL;
}

QTreeWidgetItem *ItemFromPath( const QString &path )
{
    QTreeWidgetItem *item = root;
    if( !path.startsWith( "/" ) || path.contains( "//" ))
    {
        return NULL;
    }
    int slash = 1;
    while( slash )
    {
        int nextSlash = path.indexOf( "/", slash + 1 );
        QString lookingFor = path.mid( slash, nextSlash - slash );
        item = FindItem( lookingFor, item );
        if( !item )
        {
            qWarning() << "ItemFromPath ->item not found" << path;
            return NULL;
        }
        slash = nextSlash + 1;
    }
    return item;
}

QString PathFromItem( QTreeWidgetItem *item )
{
    QString ret;
    while( item )
    {
        ret.prepend( "/" + item->text( 0 ) );
        item = item->parent();
        if( item->text( 0 ) == "/" )// dont add the root
            break;
    }
    return ret;

}

//get the installed titles in the nand - first check for tickets and then check for TMDs that match that ticket
QList< quint64 > InstalledTitles()
{
    QList< quint64 > ret;
    QTreeWidgetItem *tikFolder = ItemFromPath( "/ticket" );
    if( !tikFolder )
        Fail( "Couldnt find a ticket folder in this nand" );

    quint16 subfc = tikFolder->childCount();
    for( quint16 i = 0; i < subfc; i++ )//check all subfolders of "/ticket"
    {
        QTreeWidgetItem *subF = tikFolder->child( i );
		//qDebug() << "checking folder" << subF->text( 0 );
        bool ok = false;
		quint32 upper = subF->text( 0 ).toUInt( &ok, 16 );//make sure it can be converted to int
        if ( !ok )
            continue;

        quint16 subfc2 = subF->childCount();//get all entries in this subfolder
        for( quint16 j = 0; j < subfc2; j++ )
        {
            QTreeWidgetItem *tikI = subF->child( j );
            QString name = tikI->text( 0 );
			//qDebug() << "checking item" << subF->text( 0 ) + "/" + name;
            if( !name.endsWith( ".tik" ) )
            {
				//qDebug() << "!tik";
                continue;
            }

            name.resize( 8 );
			quint32 lower = name.toUInt( &ok, 16 );
            if( !ok )
            {
				//qDebug() << "!ok";
                continue;
            }

            //now see if there is a tmd
            QTreeWidgetItem *tmdI = ItemFromPath( "/title/" + subF->text( 0 ) + "/" + name + "/content/title.tmd" );
            if( !tmdI )
            {
				//qDebug() << "no tmd";
                continue;
            }

            quint64 tid = (( (quint64)upper << 32) | lower );
			//qDebug() << "adding item to list" << TidTxt( tid );
            ret << tid;
        }
    }
	qSort( ret.begin(), ret.end() );
    return ret;
}

void CheckShared()
{
    QByteArray ba = nand.GetData( "/shared1/content.map" );
    if( ba.isEmpty() )
        Fail( "No content map found in the nand" );

    sharedM = SharedContentMap( ba );
    quint16 cnt = sharedM.Count();
    for( quint16 i = 0; i < cnt; i++ )
    {
        QString path = "/shared1/" + sharedM.Cid( i ) + ".app";
        qDebug() << "checking" << path << "...";
        QByteArray stuff = nand.GetData( path );
        if( stuff.isEmpty() )
            Fail( "One of the shared contents in this nand is missing" );

        QByteArray realHash = GetSha1( stuff );
        if( realHash != sharedM.Hash( i ) )
            Fail( "The hash for at least 1 content is bad" );
    }
}

void BuildGoodIosList()
{
    foreach( quint64 tid, tids )
    {
        quint32 upper = ( tid >> 32 ) & 0xffffffff;
        if( upper != 1 )
            continue;

        quint32 lower = tid & 0xffffffff;

        if( lower < 3 || lower > 255 )
            continue;

        QString tmdp = TidTxt( tid );
        tmdp.insert( 8, "/" );
        tmdp.prepend( "/title/" );
        tmdp += "/content/title.tmd";
        QByteArray ba = nand.GetData( tmdp );
        if( ba.isEmpty() )
            continue;

        Tmd t( ba );			//skip stubbzzzzz
        if( !( t.Version() % 0x100 ) && //version is a nice pretty round number
            t.Count() == 3  &&		//3 contents, 1 private and 2 shared
            t.Type( 0 ) == 1 &&
            t.Type( 1 ) == 0x8001 &&
            t.Type( 2 ) == 0x8001 )
        {
            continue;
        }
        if( !CheckTitleIntegrity( tid ) )
            continue;

        validIoses << tid;//seems good enough.  add it to the list
    }
}

bool RecurseCheckGidUid( QTreeWidgetItem *item, const QString &uidS, const QString &gidS, const QString &path )
{
	bool ret = true;
	quint16 cnt = item->childCount();
	for( quint16 i = 0; i < cnt; i++ )
	{
		QTreeWidgetItem *child = item->child( i );
		if( child->text( 3 ) != uidS || !child->text( 4 ).startsWith( gidS ) )
		{
			ret = false;
			qDebug() << "\tincorrect uid/gid for" << QString( path + child->text( 0 ) );
		}
		if( !RecurseCheckGidUid( child, uidS, gidS, path + child->text( 0 ) + "/" ) )
			ret = false;
	}
	return ret;
}

bool CheckTitleIntegrity( quint64 tid )
{
    if( validIoses.contains( tid ) )//this one has already been checked
        return true;

    qDebug() << "Checking" << TidTxt( tid ).insert( 8, "-" ) << "...";
    QString p = TidTxt( tid );
    p.insert( 8 ,"/" );
    QString tikp = p;
    tikp.prepend( "/ticket/" );
    tikp += ".tik";

    QString tmdp = p;
    tmdp.prepend( "/title/" );
    tmdp += "/content/title.tmd";

    Tmd t;
    //check the presence of the tmd & ticket.  also check their signatures
    //remember the tmd for checking the actual contents
    for( quint8 i = 0; i < 2; i++ )
    {
        QString it = ( i ? "tmd" : "ticket" );
        QByteArray ba = nand.GetData( i ? tmdp : tikp );
        if( ba.isEmpty() )
        {
            qDebug() << "error getting" << it << "data";
            return false;
        }
        switch( check_cert_chain( ba ) )
        {
        case ERROR_SIG_TYPE:
        case ERROR_SUB_TYPE:
        case ERROR_RSA_HASH:
        case ERROR_RSA_TYPE_UNKNOWN:
        case ERROR_RSA_TYPE_MISMATCH:
        case ERROR_CERT_NOT_FOUND:
            qDebug() << "\t" << it << "RSA signature isn't even close";
            //return false;					    //maye in the future this will be true, but for now, this doesnt mean it wont boot
            break;
        case ERROR_RSA_FAKESIGNED:
            qDebug() << "\t" << it << "fakesigned";
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }
        if( i )
        {
            t = Tmd( ba );
            if( t.Tid() != tid )
            {
				qDebug() << "\tthe TMD contains the wrong TID";
                return false;
            }
			if( verbose )
			{
				qDebug() << "\tversion:" << t.Version() << hex << t.Version();
				if( t.AccessFlags() )
					qDebug() << "\taccess :" << hex << t.AccessFlags();
			}
        }
        else
        {
			Ticket ticket( ba, false );
            if( ticket.Tid() != tid )
            {
				qDebug() << "\tthe ticket contains the wrong TID";
                return false;
			}
        }
    }

    quint32 upper = ((tid >>32 ) & 0xffffffff);
    if( upper == 0x10005 ||  upper == 0x10007 )							    //dont try to verify all the contents of DLC, it will just find a bunch of missing contents and bitch about them
        return true;


    quint16 cnt = t.Count();
    for( quint16 i = 0; i < cnt; i++ )
    {
        if( t.Type( i ) == 0x8001 )//shared
        {
            if( sharedM.GetAppFromHash( t.Hash( i ) ).isEmpty() )
            {
				qDebug() << "\tone of the shared contents is missing";
                return false;
            }
        }
        else//private
        {
            QString cid = t.Cid( i );
            QString pA = tmdp;
            pA.resize( 33 );
            pA += cid + ".app";
            QByteArray ba = nand.GetData( pA );
            if( ba.isEmpty() )
            {
				qDebug() << "\t error reading one of the private contents" << pA;
                return false;
            }
            QByteArray realH = GetSha1( ba );
            if( realH != t.Hash( i ) )
            {
                qDebug() << "\tone of the private contents' hash doesnt check out" << i << pA <<
                        "\n\texpected" << t.Hash( i ).toHex() <<
                        "\n\tactual  " << realH.toHex();
                //return false;									    //dont return false, as this this title may still boot
            }
        }

    }

    quint64 ios = t.IOS();
    if( ios && !validIoses.contains( ios ) )
    {
        qDebug() << "\tthe IOS for this title is not bootable\n\t" << TidTxt( ios ).insert( 8, "-" ) ;
        return false;
    }
    quint32 uid = uidM.GetUid( tid, false );
    if( !uid )
    {
        qDebug() << "\tthis title has no UID entry";
        return false;
    }

    //make sure all the stuff in this title's data directory belongs to it, and all the contents belong to nobody
    //( im looking at you priibricker & dop-mii )
    QString dataP = tmdp;
    dataP.resize( 25 );
    dataP += "data";
    QTreeWidgetItem *dataI = ItemFromPath( dataP );
    if( dataI )
    {
        quint16 gid = t.Gid();
        QString uidS = QString( "%1" ).arg( uid, 8, 16, QChar( '0' ) );
        QString gidS = QString( "%1" ).arg( gid, 4, 16, QChar( '0' ) );
        if( dataI->text( 3 ) != uidS || !dataI->text( 4 ).startsWith( gidS ) )//dont necessarily fail for this.  the title will still be bootable without its data
            qDebug() << "\tincorrect uid/gid for data folder";

		RecurseCheckGidUid( dataI, uidS, gidS, "data/" );
		/*quint16 cnt = dataI->childCount();
        for( quint16 i = 0; i < cnt; i++ )
        {
            QTreeWidgetItem *item = dataI->child( i );
            if( item->text( 3 ) != uidS || !item->text( 4 ).startsWith( gidS ) )
                qDebug() << "\tincorrect uid/gid for" << QString( "data/" + item->text( 0 ) );
		}*/
    }
    dataP.resize( 25 );
    dataP += "content";
    dataI = ItemFromPath( dataP );
    if( dataI )
    {
        quint16 cnt = dataI->childCount();
        for( quint16 i = 0; i < cnt; i++ )
        {
            QTreeWidgetItem *item = dataI->child( i );
            if( item->text( 3 ) != "00000000" || !item->text( 4 ).startsWith( "0000" ) )
                qDebug() << "\tincorrect uid/gid for" << QString( "content/" + item->text( 0 ) );
        }
    }
    return true;
}

void CheckLostClusters()
{
    QList<quint16> u = nand.GetFatsForEntry( 0 );//all clusters actually used for a file
    qDebug() << "total used clusters" << hex << u.size() << "of 0x8000";
    quint16 lost = 0;
    QList<quint16> ffs;
    QList<quint16> frs;
    fats = nand.GetFats();
    for( quint16 i = 0; i < 0x8000; i++ )
    {
        if( u.contains( fats.at( i ) ) )//this cluster is really used
            continue;
        switch( fats.at( i ) )
        {
        case 0xFFFB:
        case 0xFFFC:
        case 0xFFFD:
            break;
        case 0xFFFE:
            frs << i;
            break;
        case 0xFFFF:
            ffs << i;
            break;
        default:
            lost++;
            //qDebug() << hex << i << fats.at( i );
            break;
        }
    }
    qDebug() << "found" << lost << "lost clusters\nUNK ( 0xffff )" << hex << ffs.size() << ffs <<
            "\nfree           " << frs.size();
}

void CheckEcc()
{
    QList< quint32 > bad;
    QList< quint16 > clusters;
    fats = nand.GetFats();
    quint32 checked = 0;
    quint16 badClustersNotSpecial = 0;
    for( quint16 i = 0; i < 0x8000; i++ )
    {
        if( fats.at( i ) == 0xfffd || fats.at( i ) == 0xfffe )
            continue;
        //qDebug() << hex << i;

        for( quint8 j = 0; j < 8; j++, checked += 8 )
        {
            quint32 page = ( i * 8 ) + j;
            if( !nand.CheckEcc( page ) )
            {
                bad << page;
                if( !clusters.contains( i ) )
                    clusters << i;
            }
        }
    }
    QList< quint16 > blocks;
    QList< quint16 > clustersCpy = clusters;

    while( clustersCpy.size() )
    {
        quint16 p = clustersCpy.takeFirst();
        if( fats.at( p ) < 0xfff0 )
            badClustersNotSpecial ++;
        //qDebug() << p << hex << fats.at( p );
        quint16 block = p/8;
        if( !blocks.contains( block ) )
            blocks << block;
    }
    /*QList< quint32 > badCpy = bad;
    while( badCpy.size() )
    {
	quint16 p = badCpy.takeFirst();
	quint16 block = p/64;
	if( !blocks.contains( block ) )
	    blocks << block;
    }*/
    qDebug() << bad.size() << "out of" << checked << "pages had incorrect ecc.\nthey were spread through"
            << clusters.size() << "clusters in" << blocks.size() << "blocks:\n" << blocks;
    qDebug() << badClustersNotSpecial << "of those clusters are non-special (they belong to the fs)";
    //qDebug() << bad;
}

void SetUpTree()
{
    if( root )
        return;
    QTreeWidgetItem *r = nand.GetTree();
    if( r->childCount() != 1 || r->child( 0 )->text( 0 ) != "/" )
        Fail( "The nand FS is seriously broken.  I Couldn't even find a correct root" );

    root = r->takeChild( 0 );
    delete r;
}

int RecurseCountFiles( QTreeWidgetItem *dir )
{
    int ret = 0;
    quint16 cnt = dir->childCount();
    for( quint16 i = 0; i < cnt; i++ )
    {
        QTreeWidgetItem *item = dir->child( i );
        if( item->text( 7 ).startsWith( "02" ) )
            ret += RecurseCountFiles( item );
        else
        {
            ret++;
        }
    }
    return ret;
}

int RecurseCheckHmac( QTreeWidgetItem *dir )
{
    int ret = 0;
    quint16 cnt = dir->childCount();
    for( quint16 i = 0; i < cnt; i++ )
    {
        QTreeWidgetItem *item = dir->child( i );
        if( item->text( 7 ).startsWith( "02" ) )
            ret += RecurseCheckHmac( item );
        else
        {
            bool ok = false;
            quint16 entry = item->text( 1 ).toInt( &ok );
            if( !ok )
                continue;

            if( !nand.CheckHmacData( entry ) )
            {
                qDebug() << "bad HMAC for" << PathFromItem( item );
                ret++;
            }
        }
    }
    return ret;
}

void CheckHmac()
{
    quint16 total = RecurseCountFiles( root );
    qDebug() << "verifying hmac for" << total << "files";
    quint16 bad = RecurseCheckHmac( root );
    qDebug() << bad << "files had bad HMAC data";
    qDebug() << "checking HMAC for superclusters...";
    QList<quint16> sclBad;
    for( quint16 i = 0x7f00; i < 0x8000; i += 0x10 )
    {
        if( !nand.CheckHmacMeta( i ) )
            sclBad << i;
    }
    qDebug() << sclBad.size() << "superClusters had bad HMAC data";
    if( sclBad.size() )
        qDebug() << sclBad;
}

int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
    QCoreApplication a( argc, argv );
	QStringList args = QCoreApplication::arguments();
	if( args.size() < 2 )
        Usage();

    if( !QFile( args.at( 1 ) ).exists() )
        Usage();

    if( !nand.SetPath( args.at( 1 ) ) || !nand.InitNand() )
        Fail( "Error setting path to nand object" );

    root = NULL;

	verbose = args.count( "-v" );

    //these only serve to show info.  no action is taken
    if( args.contains( "-boot", Qt::CaseInsensitive ) || args.contains( "-all", Qt::CaseInsensitive ) )
    {
        qDebug() << "checking boot1 & 2...";
        ShowBootInfo( nand.Boot1Version(), nand.Boot2Infos() );
    }

    if( args.contains( "-fs", Qt::CaseInsensitive ) || args.contains( "-all", Qt::CaseInsensitive ) )
    {
        qDebug() << "checking uid.sys...";
        QByteArray ba = nand.GetData( "/sys/uid.sys" );
        if( ba.isEmpty() )
            Fail( "No uid map found in the nand" );
        uidM = UIDmap( ba );
        uidM.Check();					//dont really take action, the check should spit out info if there is an error.  not all errors are fatal

        qDebug() << "checking content.map...";
        CheckShared();					//check for the presence of the content.map as well as verify all the hashes

        SetUpTree();

        tids = InstalledTitles();

        qDebug() << "found" << tids.size() << "titles installed";
        BuildGoodIosList();
        qDebug() << "found" << validIoses.size() << "bootable IOS";
        foreach( quint64 tid, tids )
        {
            CheckTitleIntegrity( tid );
            //if( !CheckTitleIntegrity( tid ) && tid == 0x100000002ull )	//well, this SHOULD be the case.  but nintendo doesnt care so much about
            //Fail( "The System menu isnt valid" );			//checking signatures & hashes as the rest of us.
        }
    }

    if( args.contains( "-clInfo", Qt::CaseInsensitive ) || args.contains( "-all", Qt::CaseInsensitive ) )
    {
        qDebug() << "checking for lost clusters...";
        CheckLostClusters();
    }

    if( args.contains( "-spare", Qt::CaseInsensitive ) || args.contains( "-all", Qt::CaseInsensitive ) )
    {
        qDebug() << "verifying ecc...";
        CheckEcc();

        SetUpTree();
        qDebug() << "verifying hmac...";
        CheckHmac();
    }
    return 0;
}