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topkecleon 9ebdbd9d3c otouto 3.11
"things occurred"

Added some utilities (id_from_username, id_from_message), removed some utilities (latcyr, others?).
Removed cycle-wasting "shortcuts" -- no more automatic id_str or name; text_lower remains.
Moved userdata (nicknames, lastfm, etc) to a different tree in the database (automatic migration will occur). /me now returns userdata.
Speaking of migration, database now stores the latest version run to make future automigration easy.
Database now saves hourly rather than minutely.
Changed readme and some plugins to reflect above changes.
Removed broken rockspec (Brayden, feel free to re-add once it's working).
Added option to automatically block people (via drua) when blacklisted.
Fixed about.lua trigger problems.

administration 1.11 -  Removed /kickme and /broadcast. Users should leave manually, and announcements should be made via channel rather than spam. /setqotd now handles forwarded messages correctly. /kick, /ban, /hammer,
/mod, /admin now support multiple arguments. Added get_targets function. No migration is necessary.
2016-07-05 03:29:11 -04:00
otouto otouto 3.11 2016-07-05 03:29:11 -04:00
.editorconfig :^) 2016-02-20 07:52:14 -05:00
.gitignore fix stuff 2016-06-07 00:09:26 -04:00
config.lua otouto 3.11 2016-07-05 03:29:11 -04:00
drua-tg.lua otouto 3.11 2016-07-05 03:29:11 -04:00
launch.sh Final fixes. 2016-04-15 06:57:42 -07:00
LICENSE Version 3.8 2016-05-29 13:08:39 -04:00
main.lua Begin library-friendly structuring 2016-06-06 20:54:25 -07:00
README.md otouto 3.11 2016-07-05 03:29:11 -04:00
tg-install.sh administration.lua: Generic action is optimized. 2016-05-22 16:08:45 -04:00
tg-launch.sh help.lua and about.lua: /start now triggers about.lua 2016-03-04 17:08:21 -05:00

otouto

The plugin-wielding, multipurpose Telegram bot.

Public Bot | Official Channel | Development Group

otouto is a plugin-based, IRC-style bot written for the Telegram Bot API. Originally written in February of 2015 as a set of Lua scripts to run on telegram-cli, otouto was open-sourced and migrated to the bot API later in June that year.

otouto is free software; you are free to redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License, version 3. See LICENSE for details.

The Manual

For Users For Coders
Setup Plugins
Control plugins Bindings
Group administration Database
List of plugins Output style
Contributors

Setup

You must have Lua (5.2+), luasocket, luasec, multipart-post, and dkjson installed. You should also have lpeg, though it is not required. It is recommended you install these with LuaRocks.

To get started, clone the repository and set the following values in config.lua:

  • bot_api_key as your bot authorization token from the BotFather.
  • admin as your Telegram ID.

Optionally:

  • lang as the two-letter code representing your language.

Some plugins are not enabled by default. If you wish to enable them, add them to the plugins array.

When you are ready to start the bot, run ./launch.sh. To stop the bot, send "/halt" through Telegram. If you terminate the bot manually, you risk data loss. If you do you not want the bot to restart automatically, run it with lua main.lua.

Note that certain plugins, such as translate.lua and greetings.lua, will require privacy mode to be disabled. Additionally, some plugins may require or make use of various API keys:

  • bing.lua: Bing Search API key (bing_api_key)
  • gImages.lua & youtube.lua: Google API and CSE keys (google_api_key, google_cse_key)
  • weather.lua: OpenWeatherMap API key (owm_api_key)
  • lastfm.lua: last.fm API key (lastfm_api_key)
  • bible.lua: Biblia API key (biblia_api_key)
  • cats.lua: The Cat API API key (optional) (thecatapi_key)
  • apod.lua: NASA API key (nasa_api_key)
  • translate.lua: Yandex API key (yandex_key)
  • chatter.lua: SimSimi API key (simsimi_key)

Control plugins

Some plugins are designed to be used by the bot's owner. Here are some examples, how they're used, and what they do.

Plugin Command Function
control.lua /reload Reloads all plugins and configuration.
/halt Shuts down the bot after saving the database.
/script Runs a list a bot commands, separated by newlines.
blacklist.lua /blacklist Blocks people from using the bot.
shell.lua /run Executes shell commands on the host system.
luarun.lua /lua Executes Lua commands in the bot's environment.

Group Administration

The administration plugin enables self-hosted, single-realm group administration, supporting both normal groups and supergroups whch are owned by the bot owner. This works by sending TCP commands to an instance of tg running on the owner's account.

To get started, run ./tg-install.sh. Note that this script is written for Ubuntu/Debian. If you're running Arch (the only acceptable alternative), you'll have to do it yourself. If that is the case, note that otouto uses the "test" branch of tg, and the AUR package telegram-cli-git will not be sufficient, as it does not have support for supergroups yet.

Once the installation is finished, enable the administration plugin in your config file. The administration plugin must be loaded before the about and blacklist plugins. You may have reason to change the default TCP port (4567); if that is the case, remember to change it in tg-launch.sh as well. Run ./tg-launch.sh in a separate screen/tmux window. You'll have to enter your phone number and go through the login process the first time. The script is set to restart tg after two seconds, so you'll need to Ctrl+C after exiting.

While tg is running, you may start/reload otouto with administration.lua enabled, and have access to a wide variety of administrative commands and automata. The administration "database" is stored in administration.json. To start using otouto to administrate a group (note that you must be the owner (or an administrator)), send /gadd to that group. For a list of commands, use /ahelp. Below I'll describe various functions now available to you.

Command Function Privilege Internal?
/groups Returns a list of administrated groups (except the unlisted). 1 N
/ahelp Returns a list of accessible administrative commands. 1 Y
/ops Returns a list of the moderators and governor of a group. 1 Y
/desc Returns detailed information for a group. 1 Y
/rules Returns the rules of a group. 1 Y
/motd Returns the message of the day of a group. 1 Y
/link Returns the link for a group. 1 Y
/kick Removes the target from the group. 2 Y
/ban Bans the target from the group. 2 Y
/unban Unbans the target from the group. 2 Y
/setmotd Sets the message of the day for a group. 2 Y
/changerule Changes an individual group rule. 3 Y
/setrules Sets the rules for a group. 3 Y
/setlink Sets the link for a group. 3 Y
/alist Returns a list of administrators. 3 Y
/flags Returns a list of flags and their states, or toggles one. 3 Y
/antiflood Configures antiflood (flag 5) settings. 3 Y
/mod Promotes a user to a moderator. 3 Y
/demod Demotes a moderator to a user. 3 Y
/gov Promotes a user to the governor. 4 Y
/degov Demotes the governor to a user. 4 Y
/hammer Blacklists and globally bans a user. 4 N
/unhammer Unblacklists and globally bans a user. 4 N
/admin Promotes a user to an administrator. 5 N
/deadmin Demotes an administrator to a user. 5 N
/gadd Adds a group to the administrative system. 5 N
/grem Removes a group from the administrative system. 5 Y
/glist Returns a list of all administrated groups and their governors. 5 N
/broadcast Broadcasts a message to all administrated groups. 5 N

Internal commands can only be run within an administrated group.

Description of Privileges

# Title Description Scope
0 Banned Cannot enter the group(s). Either
1 User Default rank. Local
2 Moderator Can kick/ban/unban users. Can set MOTD. Local
3 Governor Can set rules/link, promote/demote moderators, modify flags. Local
4 Administrator Can globally ban/unban users, promote/demote governors. Global
5 Owner Can add/remove groups, broadcast, promote/demote administrators. Global

Obviously, each greater rank inherits the privileges of the lower, positive ranks.

Flags

# Name Description
1 unlisted Removes a group from the /groups listing.
2 antisquig Automatically removes users for posting Arabic script or RTL characters.
3 antisquig++ Automatically removes users whose names contain Arabic script or RTL characters.
4 antibot Prevents bots from being added by non-moderators.
5 antiflood Prevents flooding by rate-limiting messages per user.
6 antihammer Allows globally-banned users to enter a group.

antiflood

antiflood (flag 5) provides a system of automatic flood protection by removing users who post too much. It is entirely configurable by a group's governor, an administrator, or the bot owner. For each message to a particular group, a user is awarded a certain number of "points". The number of points is different for each message type. When the user reaches 100 points, he is removed. Points are reset each minute. In this way, if a user posts twenty messages within one minute, he is removed.

Default antiflood values:

Type Points
text 5
contact 5
audio 5
voice 5
photo 10
document 10
location 10
video 10
sticker 20

Additionally, antiflood can be configured to automatically ban a user after he has been automatically kicked from a single group a certain number of times in one day. This is configurable as the antiflood value autoban and is set to three by default.


List of plugins

Plugin Command Function Aliases
help.lua /help [command] Returns a list of commands or command-specific help. /h
about.lua /about Returns the about text as configured in config.lua.
ping.lua /ping The simplest plugin ever!
echo.lua /echo text Repeats a string of text.
bing.lua /bing query Returns Bing web results. /g
gImages.lua /images query Returns a Google image result. /i
gMaps.lua /location query Returns location data from Google Maps. /loc
youtube.lua /youtube query Returns the top video result from YouTube. /yt
wikipedia.lua /wikipedia query Returns the summary of a Wikipedia article. /w
lastfm.lua /np [username] Returns the song you are currently listening to.
lastfm.lua /fmset [username] Sets your username for /np. /fmset -- will delete it.
hackernews.lua /hackernews Returns the latest posts from Hacker News. /hn
imdb.lua /imdb query Returns film information from IMDb.
hearthstone.lua /hearthstone query Returns data for Hearthstone cards matching the query. /hs
calc.lua /calc expression Returns conversions and solutions to math expressions.
bible.lua /bible reference Returns a Bible verse. /b
urbandictionary.lua /urban query Returns the top definition from Urban Dictionary. /ud
time.lua /time query Returns the time, date, and a timezone for a location.
weather.lua /weather query Returns current weather conditions for a given location.
nick.lua /nick nickname Set your nickname. /nick - will delete it.
whoami.lua /whoami Returns user and chat info for you or the replied-to user. /who
eightball.lua /8ball Returns an answer from a magic 8-ball.
dice.lua /roll nDr Returns RNG dice rolls. Uses D&D notation.
reddit.lua /reddit [r/subreddit ¦ query] Returns the top results from a subreddit, query, or r/all. /r
xkcd.lua /xkcd [query] Returns an xkcd strip and its alt text.
slap.lua /slap target Gives someone a slap (or worse).
commit.lua /commit Returns a commit message from whatthecommit.com.
fortune.lua /fortune Returns a UNIX fortune.
pun.lua /pun Returns a pun.
pokedex.lua /pokedex query Returns a Pokedex entry. /dex
currency.lua /cash [amount] cur to cur Converts one currency to another.
cats.lua /cat Returns a cat picture.
reactions.lua /reactions Returns a list of emoticons which can be posted by the bot.
apod.lua /apod [date] Returns the NASA Astronomy Picture of the Day.
dilbert.lua /dilbert [date] Returns a Dilbert strip.
patterns.lua /s/from/to/ Search-and-replace using Lua patterns.
me.lua /me Returns user-specific data stored by the bot.
remind.lua /remind Reminds a user of something after a duration of minutes.
channel.lua /ch \n Sends a markdown-enabled message to a channel.

Plugins

otouto uses a robust plugin system, similar to yagop's Telegram-Bot.

Most plugins are intended for public use, but a few are for other purposes, like those for use by the bot's owner. See here for a list of plugins.

There are five standard plugin components.

Component Description
action Main function. Expects msg table as an argument.
triggers Table of triggers for the plugin. Uses Lua patterns.
init Optional function run when the plugin is loaded.
cron Optional function to be called every minute.
command Basic command and syntax. Listed in the help text.
doc Usage for the plugin. Returned by "/help $command".
error Plugin-specific error message; false for no message.

No component is required, but some depend on others. For example, action will never be run if there's no triggers, and doc will never be seen if there's no command.

Return values from action are optional, but they do affect the flow. If it returns a table, that table will become msg, and on_msg_receive will continue with that. If it returns true, it will continue with the current msg.

When an action or cron function fails, the exception is caught and passed to the handle_exception utilty and is either printed to the console or send to the chat/channel defined in log_chat in config.lua.

Interactions with the bot API are straightforward. See the Bindings section for details.

Several functions used in multiple plugins are defined in utilities.lua. Refer to that file for usage and documentation.


Bindings

Calls to the Telegram bot API are performed with the bindings.lua file through the multipart-post library. otouto's bindings file supports all standard API methods and all arguments. Its main function, bindings.request, accepts four arguments: self, method, parameters, file. (At the very least, self should be a table containing BASE_URL, which is bot's API endpoint, ending with a slash, eg https://api.telegram.org/bot123456789:ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ987654321/.)

method is the name of the API method. parameters (optional) is a table of key/value pairs of the method's parameters to be sent with the method. file (super-optional) is a table of a single key/value pair, where the key is the name of the parameter and the value is the filename (if these are included in parameters instead, otouto will attempt to send the filename as a file ID).

Additionally, any method can be called as a key in the bindings table (for example, bindings.getMe). The bindings.gen function (which is also the __index function in its metatable) will forward its arguments to bindings.request in their proper form. In this way, the following two function calls are equivalent:

bindings.request(
	self,
	'sendMessage',
	{
		chat_id = 987654321,
		text = 'Quick brown fox.',
		reply_to_message_id = 54321,
		disable_web_page_preview = false,
		parse_method = 'Markdown'
	}
)

bindings.sendMessage(
	self,
	{
		chat_id = 987654321,
		text = 'Quick brown fox.',
		reply_to_message_id = 54321,
		disable_web_page_preview = false,
		parse_method = 'Markdown'
	}
)

Furthermore, utilities.lua provides two "shortcut" functions to mimic the behavior of otouto's old bindings: send_message and send_reply. send_message accepts these arguments: self, chat_id, text, disable_web_page_preview, reply_to_message_id, use_markdown. The following function call is equivalent to the two above:

utilities.send_message(self, 987654321, 'Quick brown fox.', false, 54321, true)

Uploading a file for the sendPhoto method would look like this:

bindings.sendPhoto(self, { chat_id = 987654321 }, { photo = 'dankmeme.jpg' } )

and using sendPhoto with a file ID would look like this:

bindings.sendPhoto(self, { chat_id = 987654321, photo = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ123456789' } )

Upon success, bindings will return the deserialized result from the API. Upon failure, it will return false and the result. In the case of a connection error, it will return two false values. If an invalid method name is given, bindings will throw an exception. This is to mimic the behavior of more conventional bindings as well as to prevent "silent errors".


Database

otouto doesn't use one. This isn't because of dedication to lightweightedness or some clever design choice. Interfacing with databases through Lua is never a simple, easy-to-learn process. As one of the goals of otouto is that it should be a bot which is easy to write plugins for, our approach to storing data is to treat our datastore like any ordinary Lua data structure. The "database" is a table accessible in the database value of the bot instance (usually self.database), and is saved as a JSON-encoded plaintext file each hour, or when the bot is told to halt. This way, keeping and interacting with persistent data is no different than interacting with a Lua table -- with one exception: Keys in tables used as associative arrays must not be numbers. If the index keys are too sparse, the JSON encoder/decoder will either change them to keys or throw an error.

Alone, the database will have this structure:

{
	users = {
		["55994550"] = {
			id = 55994550,
			first_name = "Drew",
			username = "topkecleon"
		}
	},
	userdata = {
		["55994550"] = {
			nickname = "Worst coder ever",
			lastfm = "topkecleon"
		}
	},
	version = "3.11"
}

database.users will store user information (usernames, IDs, etc) when the bot sees the user. Each table's key is the user's ID as a string.

database.userdata is meant to store miscellanea from various plugins.

database.version stores the last bot version that used it. This is to simplify migration to the next version of the bot an easy, automatic process.

Data from other plugins is usually saved in a table with the same name of that plugin. For example, administration.lua stores data in database.administration.


Output style

otouto plugins should maintain a consistent visual style in their output. This provides a recognizable and comfortable user experience.

Titles

Title lines should be bold, including any names and trailing punctuation (such as colons). The exception to this rule is if the title line includes a query, which should be italic. It is also acceptable to have a link somewhere inside a title, usually within parentheses. eg:

Star Wars: Episode IV - A New Hope (1977)

Search results for star wars :

Changelog for otouto (Github):

Lists

Numerated lists should be done with the number and its following punctuation bolded. Unnumbered lists should use the bullet character ( • ). eg:

1. Life as a quick brown fox.

2. The art of jumping over lazy dogs.

and

• Life as a quick brown fox.

• The art of jumping over lazy dogs.

Always name your links. Even then, use them with discretion. Excessive links make a post look messy. Links are reasonable when a user may want to learn more about something, but should be avoided when all desirable information is provided. One appropriate use of linking is to provide a preview of an image, as xkcd.lua and apod.lua do.

Other Stuff

User IDs should appear within brackets, monospaced ([123456789]). Descriptions and information should be in plain text, but "flavor" text should be italic. The standard size for arbitrary lists (such as search results) is eight within a private conversation and four elsewhere. This is a trivial pair of numbers (leftover from the deprecated Google search API), but consistency is noticeable and desirable.


Contributors

Everybody is free to contribute to otouto. If you are interested, you are invited to fork the repo and start making pull requests. If you have an idea and you are not sure how to implement it, open an issue or bring it up in the Bot Development group.

The creator and maintainer of otouto is topkecleon. He can be contacted via Telegram, Twitter, or email.

List of contributors.

There are a a few ways to contribute if you are not a programmer. For one, your feedback is always appreciated. Drop me a line on Telegram or on Twitter. Secondly, we are always looking for new ideas for plugins. Most new plugins start with community input. Feel free to suggest them on Github or in the Bot Dev group. You can also donate Bitcoin to the following address: 1BxegZJ73hPu218UrtiY8druC7LwLr82gS

Contributions are appreciated in all forms. Monetary contributions will go toward server costs. Donators will be eternally honored (at their discretion) on this page.

Donators (in chronological order)
n8 c00
Alex
Brayden