GPU resources have been designed with locking by fences in mind, fences were treated as implicit locks on a GPU, design paradigms such as `GraphicsContext` simply unlocking the texture mutex after attaching it which would set the fence cycle were considered fine prior but are unoptimal as it enforces that a `FenceCycle` effectively ensures exclusivity. This conflates the function of a mutex which is mutual exclusion and that of the fence which is to track GPU-side completion and led to tying if it was acceptable to use a GPU resource to GPU completion rather than simply if it was not currently being used by the CPU which is the function of the mutex.
This rework fixes this with the groundwork that has been laid with previous commits, as `Context` semantics are utilized to move back to using mutexes for locking of resources and tracking the usage on the GPU in a cleaner way rather than arbitrary fence comparisons. This also leads to cleaning up a lot of methods that involved usage of fences that no longer require it and therefore can be entirely removed, further cleaning up the codebase. It also opens the door for future improvements such as the removal of `hostImmutableCycle` and replacing them with better solutions, the implementation of which is broken at the moment regardless.
While moving to `Context`-based locking the question of multiple GPU workloads being in-flight while using overlapping resources came up which brought a fundamental limitation of `FenceCycle` to light which was that only one resource could be concurrently attached to a cycle and it could not adequately represent multi-cycle dependencies. `FenceCycle` chaining was designed to fix this inadequacy and allows for several different GPU workloads to be in-flight concurrently while utilizing the same resources as long as they can ensure GPU-GPU synchronization.
If we want to allow submitting multiple pieces of work to the GPU at once while still requiring CPU synchronization, we'll need to track all past fence cycles associated with a resource alongside the current one. To solve this the concept of chaining fences has been introduced, fences from past usages can be chained to the latest fence which'll then recursively forward operations to chained fences.
This change also ends up mandating a move away from `FenceCycleDependency` as it would prevent fences from concurrently locking the same resources which is required for chaining to work as two fences being chained fundamentally means they're locking the same resources. The `AtomicForwardList` is therefore used as the new container.
An implementation of a singly-linked list with atomic access to allow for lock-free access semantics, it eliminates the requirement for a mutex which can introduce additional consideration for synchronization.
Resources on the GPU can be fairly convoluted and involve overlaps which can lead to the same GPU resources being utilized with different views, we previously utilized fences to lock resources to prevent concurrent access but this was overly harsh as it would block usage of resources till GPU completion of the commands associated with a resource.
Fences have now been replaced with locks but locks run into the issue of being per-view and therefore to add a common object for tracking usage the concept of "tags" was introduced to track a single context so locks can be skipped if they're from the same context. This is important to prevent a deadlock when locking a resource which has been already locked from the current context with a different view.
We do not want to allow saving of user data on unsigned builds as they don't have a stable signature and will not properly handle reinstallation. This can lead to a situation where the user has to resort to complex techniques to completely uninstall the package such as ADB or calling into PM directly.
We currently present all frames synchronously on the thread that calls into SurfaceFlinger functions, this is unoptimal as it doesn't match guest behavior which can lead to delaying the guest from working on the next frame. This commit queuing up frames to non-blocking and handles all waiting then presenting the frame on a dedicated thread.
We utilize `pthread_setname_np` to set the thread names but didn't check for any errors which resulted in the `Skyline-Choreographer` and `ChannelCmdFifo` not having proper names as they exceeded the 16 character limit on thread names for the pthread function. This has now been fixed by changing the names and introducing error checking to invocations of this function.
All our normal alignment functions are designed to only handle power of 2 (`POT`) multiples as we only align or check alignment to `POT` multiples but there are cases where this is not possible and we deal with `NPOT` multiples which is why this function is required.
We waited on the host GPU after `Execute` but this isn't optimal as it causes a major stall on the CPU which can lead to several adverse effects such as downclocking by the governor and losing the opportunity to work in parallel with the GPU.
This has now been fixed by splitting `Execute`'s functionality into two functions: `Submit` and `SubmitWithFlush` which both execute all nodes and submit the resulting command buffer to the GPU but flushing will wait on the GPU to complete while the non-flush variant will not wait and work ahead of the GPU.
We need move-assignment semantics to viably utilize these objects as class members, they cannot be replaced without move-assign (or copy-assign but that is undesirable here). This commit fixes that by introducing a move assignment operator to them while making the `slot` a pointer which has the necessary nullability semantics.
This change lets items get the updated position of their view holder in the adapter. Fixes an issue where the position of items was not updated after being removed from a `SelectableGenericAdapter`.
This preference launches `GpuDriverActivity` for managing custom gpu drivers. When the device has an incompatible GPU, the preference will be disabled and greyed out.
The activity adds the following functionalities:
* Lists installed drivers
* Allows the user to install new drivers, or remove installed ones
* Allows the user to select the driver that will be used by the emulator
At some point we will call Submit within draws or constant buffer updates, to avoid any infinite recursion mark draw/cbuf pending as false before performing any operation
The previous name was chosen as an afterthought and didn't clearly indicate what the purpose of the class is. We needed a separate, simple class without delegates members (like PreferenceSettings), so that its fields can be easily accessed via JNI to get settings values from native code.
The `Settings` class now has a pure virtual `Update` method, and uses inheritance over template specialization for platform-specific behavior override.
A `Setting` delegate class has been introduced, holding the raw value of the setting and adding support for registering callbacks to that setting. Callbacks will then be called when the value of that setting changes.
As a result of this, raw setting values have been made accessible through pointer dereference semantics.
SharedPreferences will be partially swapped out in the future to support per-game settings. In the meantime, make it clear from which class settings are coming from.
Settings are now shared to the native side by passing an instance of the Kotlin's `Settings` class. This way the C++ `Settings` class doesn't need to parse the SharedPreferences xml anymore.
Mali GPU drivers utilize the `ppoll()` syscall inside `waitForFences` which isn't correctly restarted after a signal, which we can receive at any time on a guest thread. This commit fixes that by recursively calling the function on failure till it succeeds or returns an unexpected error.
Co-authored-by: PixelyIon <pixelyion@protonmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Billy Laws <blaws05@gmail.com>
These applets are used by applications to display a custom error message to the user. Both the error message and the detailed error message are printed to the error log.
Co-authored-by: lynxnb <niccolo.betto@gmail.com>
This conforms to the C++ 'Allocator' named requirement allowing it to be used with any STL type and allows drastically reducing allocation times in cases which are suited for linear allocation.
Certain non-indexed quad draws would mistakenly take the indexed quad path because of the assumption that they would not have a bound index buffer. This resulted in a crash for most games using quads due to a faulty exception `Indexed quad conversion is not supported`, when in fact they were not using indexed quads.
Co-authored-by: PixelyIon <pixelyion@protonmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Billy Laws <blaws05@gmail.com>
This commit implements several key optimisations in megabuffering that are all inherently interlinked.
- Megabuffering is moved from per-buffer to per-view copies, this makes megabuffering possible for small views into larger underlying buffers which is often the case with even the simplest of games,
- Megabuffering is no longer the default option, it is only enabled for buffer views that have had inline GPU writes applied to them in the past as that is the only case where they are beneficial. In any other case the cost of copying, even with a 128KiB limit can be significant.
- With both of these changes, there is now possibility for overlapping views where one uses megabuffering and one does not. In order to allow GPU inline writes to work consistently in such cases a system of 'host immutability' has been implemented, when a buffer is marked as host immutable for a given cycle, all writes to the buffer from that point to the point the cycle is signalled will be performed on the GPU, ensuring that the backing contents are correctly sequenced
Has the same guarantees of pointer stabilty while also being significantly faster in cases where a buffer has thousands of views. This is the case in RE4 and this change leads to an almost 1000% performance improvement in that game.
Uses an API found through RE since none of the AOSP APIs work, additionaly the code for setting RR was consolidated to a single function that can be ran after all display updates.
We currently have a global `MegaBuffer` instance that is shared across all channels, this is very problematic as `MegaBuffer` fundamentally works like a state machine with allocations (especially resetting/freeing) and is thread-specific. Therefore, we now have a pool of several `MegaBuffer`s which is allocated from by the `CommandExecutor` and kept channel specific as a result which also limits its usage to a single thread, this allows for individually resetting or freeing any allocations.
There was a lot of redundant code in the `CommandScheduler` when the same functionality could be achieved with much shorter and cleaner code which this commit fixes. This includes no changes to the user-facing API and does not require any changes on the user side as a result.
Some games remap rendertargets or map them late which would lead to weird graphical bugs or crashes. Drop the caching since VMM lookup is fairly cheap anyway.
The `VkBufferImageCopy` offset calculations were wrong inside `CopyIntoStagingBuffer` as it multiplied the mip level's linear size by `levelCount` rather than `layerCount`. This led to substantial UB in games which called this function as it led to an overflow and resulted in writing to other areas of the buffer which caused major issues such as vertex/index buffer corruption and corresponding graphical glitches alongside likely being the cause of some crashes.
BC7 CPU decoding had the red and blue channels swapped around as it outputted a BGRA image after decoding while we expected an RGBA image to be produced. This should fix the colors of certain textures in titles such as Cuphead or Sonic Forces.
The syncpoint maximum value represents the maximum possible syncpt value at a given time, however due to PBs being submitted before max was incremented, for a brief moment of time this is not the case which could lead to crashes or other such behaviour if a game waits on the fence at the right moment.
We used a `FileProvider` for log sharing prior, this is no longer necessary since it comes under the `DocumentsProvider` now which can be utilized to share the log document directly.
Any documents with the same name existing in a directory that is copied to would cause an exception due to existing already, this fixes that by handling conflict resolution in those cases and automatically determining a file name that would avoid a conflict.
Previously a broken state value was returned from GetState that caused crashes in games using newer SDKs and NFP, correctly handle state now by updating it after initialisation.
We can't render to a 3D texture through a 3D view, we instead have to create a 2D array view into it and render to that. The texture manager previously didn't support having a different view type/layer count between a guest texture view and the underlying storage texture that is required to support this so that was also implemented by reading the view layer count from the dimensions depth instead if the underlying texture is 3D (and the view type is 2D array). Additionally move away from our own view type enum to Vulkan, inline with other guest texture member types.
Sampler anisotropy was made a required feature in an earlier commit due to its widespread availability but this was determined to be incorrect as certain Mali GPUs that can otherwise run 2D games in Skyline do not have this feature, while they are still not officially supported as this was the only roadblock to support them, it has now been made an optional feature.
`android:hasFragileUserData` was added in an earlier commit but then removed due to it not functioning because of signature checks. Now that signatures are consistent across builds, it has been readded and should now allow carrying data across CI and developer builds.
With the Skyline document provider, easy access to the internal directory is required which may be hard to navigate to through the system file manager. This adds an option in settings to directly open up the directory in the system file manager.
The URIs (Document ID + Root) of the Skyline `DocumentsProvider` was unoptimal as it wasn't relative to a base directory. This is required for opening a root without knowledge of the full path in advance, it is therefore cleaner to provide a uniform `ROOT_ID` in a companion class.
On Android 12 and above, files from an application's external storage directory cannot be accessed by the user. The only proper SAF-compliant way to solve this is to create a `DocumentProvider` which proxies access to internal storage accordingly.
Certain GPU vendors such as ARM's Mali do not have support for BCn textures whatsoever while other vendors such as AMD only have partial support (BC1-BC3). Most titles on the guest utilize BC textures and to address this on host GPUs without support for BCn, we need to decompress the texture on the CPU. This commit implements a CPU BCn texture decoder based off Swiftshader's BC decoder, it also adds the necessary infrastructure to have different formats for the `GuestTexture` and `Texture` objects.
The iterations of the inner loop for sector deswizzling was miscalculated as `SectorWidth * SectorHeight` while the result was correct at `32`, it should be determined by the amount of sector lines within a GOB i.e.: `(GobWidth / SectorWidth) * GobHeight`.
Support for mipmapped textures was not implemented which is fairly crucial to proper rendering of games as the only level that would load is the first level (highest resolution), that might result in a lot more memory bandwidth being utilized. Mipmapping also has associated benefits regarding aliasing as it has a minor anti-aliasing effect on distant textures.
This commit entirely implements mipmapping support but it does not extend to full support for views into specific mipmap levels due to the texture manager implemention being incomplete.
Maxwell DMA requires swizzled copies to/from textures and earlier it had to construct an arbitrary `GuestTexture` to do so but with the introduction of the cleaner API, this has become redundant which this commit cleans up and replaces with direct calls to the API with all the necessary values.
The API for texture swizzling is now more concrete and abstracted out from `GuestTexture`, this allows for neater usage in certain areas such as MaxwellDMA while having a `GuestTexture` wrapper as well allowing for neater usage in those cases.
The code itself has also been cleaned up slightly with all usage of `u32`s being upgraded to `size_t` as this is simply more efficient due to the compiler not needing to emulate wraparound behavior for integer types smaller than the processor word size.
The Fermi 2D engine implements both image blit and resolve operations, supporting subpixel sampling with both linear and point filtering.
Resolve operations are performed by sampling from the center of each pixel in order to resolve the final image from the MSAA samples
MSAA images are stored in memory like regular images but each pixels dimensions are scaled: e.g for 2x2 MSAA
```
112233
112233
445566
445566
```
These would be sampled with both duDx and duDy as 2 (integer part), resolving to the following:
```
123
456
```
Blit operations are performed by sampling from the corner of each pixel, scaling the image as one would expect.
This implementation isn't fully complete as Vulkan blit doesn't support some combinations which Fermi does, most notably between colour and depth stencil. These will be implemented properly at a later date, likely after the texture manager rework.
Out of Bounds Blit, used by some OpenGL games is also missing since supporting it requires texture aliasing, this will also be supported after the texture manager rework.
Co-authored-by: Billy Laws <blaws05@gmail.com>
Certain writes during swizzling went out of bounds due to incorrect `blockExtentY` calculation, the previous commit to fix this ended up breaking it further. This commit returns to the original commit's calculations with the proper addendum of a check for exact alignment with a GOB which is the case that was broken earlier.
The `GuestTexture::GetLayerStride` function was not always being utilized to retrieve the layer stride inside `Texture`, it would instead directly access the `guestTexture::layerStride` member. This is problematic as it may not be initialized and return `0` which would lead to a broken image copy.
Most engines have the capability to release a semaphore payload (or reduce in the case of GPFIFO) when a method is called or action is complete. Semaphores are used by games for both timing how long things take on GPU and waiting on resources so missing them can cause deadlocks or other related issues.
Textures can have more than one layer which we currently don't handle, all layers past the initial one will be filled with random data or 0s, leading to incorrect rendering. This has now been implemented now which fixes any titles which utilize array textures, such as "Super Mario Odyssey" or "Hatsune Miku: Project DIVA MegaMix".
The Maxwell3D RT layer count wasn't being set correctly as it has the same register as the depth values and is toggled between the two based on another register value.
The Maxwell GPU supports 3D textures which are tiled with the block-linear layout which didn't handle swizzling 3D textures correctly till now. This commit addresses that by implementing proper swizzling for 3D textures. Titles such as Cluster Truck and Super Mario Odyssey utilize 3D textures alongside a vast majority of other titles.
As per VMA docs: 'Allocation size returned in this variable may be greater than the size requested for the resource e.g. as VkBufferCreateInfo::size. Whole size of the allocation is accessible for operations on memory e.g. using a pointer after mapping with vmaMapMemory(), but operations on the resource e.g. using vkCmdCopyBuffer must be limited to the size of the resource.'
There were two issues here:
- If a skyline span was passed as a param then the 'T &object' version would be called, filling the span itself with random values rather than its contents
- Random numbers were repeated every call since independent_bits_engine copied generator state and thus it was never actually updated
This calculation for the amount of lines on the Y axis relative to the start of the last block was wrong and would instead determine the amount of lines to the last Y-axis GOB which wasn't accurate when padding was considered, this resulted in titles like Celeste having broken texture decoding (on a 1922x1082 texture) for the last ROB as most pixels would be masked out.
Certain titles such as BOTW trigger behavior to reuse an attachment within the same subpass, this caused an exception inside `RenderPassNode::AddAttachment` as it cannot find corresponding subpass for attachment. To fix this issue, we now assume that when it cannot find a subpass for an existing attachment, it is attached to the latest subpass and return the attachment.
Certain textures may be unaligned with a GOB's height of 8 lines, we already handle the case of being unaligned with a GOB's width of 64-bytes. This case occurs on titles such as SMO when going in-game.
The function now returns from a segmentation fault when a debugger is present, this allows the entire context to be intact which can allow the debugger to correctly pick up variables from all stack frames while it could not extrapolate most variables when trapped inside the signal handler without the values of all registers.
In the Maxwell 3D engine, instanced draws are implemented by repeating the exact same draw in sequence with special flag set in vertexBeginGl. This flag allows either incrementing the instance counter or resetting it, since we need to supply an instance count to the host API we defer all draws until state changes occur. If there are no state changes between draws we can skip them and count the occurences to get the number of instances to draw.
Implements register state that corresponds to the size of a single point sprite in Maxwell 3D, this is emitted by the shader compiler in the preamble but needs to be only applied if the input topology is a point primitive and it is invalid to set the point size in any other case.
Earlier texture locking design required the lock to be retained but since the introduction of `AttachTexture`, this no longer needs to be done. This being done caused deadlocks when the depth texture is sampled by the fragment shader while being bound as an RT since it would attempt to lock the texture again.
A basic `bcat:u` implementation to prevent titles such as "Kirby and the Forgotten Land" dependent on BCAT support from crashing due to the lack of an implementation.
This is a widely supported feature that games may require conditionally but due to it being supported on effectively all target devices, it was made mandatory. This is used by titles such as ARMS.
